1. “WHY MOVE TO BIM?” Introduction to BIM and the
This overview is provided for your use in presenting the buildingSMART Alliance and its purpose.
Deke Smith, Executive Director
January 28, 2008

2. buildingSMART is the approach
Simple Message
BIM is the tool
buildingSMART is the approach
Build building electronically before you build it physically
Collect information once and re-use throughout the facility lifecycle
Cut out non-value added effort (waste)

3. buildingSMART will deliver…
Simple Message
buildingSMART will deliver…
a facility sooner
a lower cost higher quality facility
a facility with few or no change orders
a more energy efficient facility
a more sustainable facility
a more environmentally friendly facility
If you have to leave early remember these two pages and you will be able to tell people what you heard about tonight.
If you want to see how we are going to do it then hang on tight!

4. Tonight – buildingSMART 101
Agenda
Tonight – buildingSMART 101
National Institute for Building Sciences
Why change now?
Building Information Modeling
buildingSMART International
buildingSMART alliance / buildingSMART North America
Business Process Change
Summary – How to get involved
Next Month
What is possible today – Case studies in success

5. About National Institute of Building Sciences
NIBS - Public Law , Sect. 809
Bridge between Private and Public Construction
Non-governmental – Unique 501c3 Organization
Facility Information Council Mission
"improve the performance of facilities over their full life-cycle by fostering common and open standards and an integrated life-cycle information model for the A/E/C & FM industry."
NIBS Related Products –
Construction Criteria Base
Whole Building Design Guide
National CAD Standard
National BIM Standard
Some background on NIBS is important as many people don’t know about this unique organization and why it works so well for what we are trying to accomplish.
Congress directed NIBS to “exercise its functions and responsibilities in four general areas, relating to building regulations……………..”
1. Develop & maintain performance criteria for maintenance of life, safety, health, and public welfare for the built environment.
2. Evaluate building technology to meet the above criteria.
3. Conduct related and needed investigations
4. Assemble, store, and disseminate technical data and related information
NIBS acts as a non-threatening open forum host for capital facilities industry collaboration and a recognized consensus process
Twelve groups required to be represented by the legislation:
Consumer and General Interest - Consumers, users, academia, media, and public interest groups.
Architects - Architects and related professionals in private practice.
Engineers - Engineers and related professionals in private practice.
Federal Government - Officials and representatives of federal government agencies.
State and Local Government - Officials and representatives of state and local government including code officials.
Building Construction - Building construction contractors, subcontractors and utilities.
Labor Organizations - Building trade unions.
Housing - Builders, developers and housing producers.
Building Materials and Products - Producers, manufacturers and distributors of materials and products used in the building process.
Codes and Standards – Codes, Standards writing or producing organizations.
Real Estate, Finance, Legal and Insurance - Owners, real estate financial and insurance organizations.
Research, Testing and Other Services - Research organizations, testing laboratories, and other service organizations.

6. ✗ NIST in 2004 identified $15.8B lost to lack of interoperability
Why Change Now?
NIST in 2004 identified $15.8B lost to lack of interoperability
$3 trillion industry with possible 30% waste
40% of global raw materials are consumed by buildings
Facilities consume 40% of the energy
65.2% of total U.S. electricity consumption
Facilities contribute 40% of the emissions
Facilities contribute 20% of land fills
U.S. is no longer the worlds largest consumer…but we did not slow down
Source: CII & LCI 2004
$4.8 trillion 2008 ✗
Most of the information came from the National Academy of Sciences Federal Facility Council.
The NIST study is identified
The information about the US no longer being the primary consumer came from DesignIntelligence 2007 – “Mastering the Future” by James P. Cramer
I am still looking for the specifics on the CII 2004 study and will provide as soon as it is available. I am quite confident that it exists however.
Most of this is focused on waste in construction spending, which likely does include design, however does not include operations and sustainment so the reality is likely even much worse, if that is even imaginable.
I also say that we can make it worse than it is if as we try to solve problems in our own stovepipes and simply make them into “cylinders of excellence” We must coordinate or we will in fact more waste…
Here are some additional quick statistics on buildings and climate change, according to the U.S. Green Building Council:
Buildings Account for 38% of CO2 emissions in the United States —more than either the transportation or industrial sectors.
Over the next 25 years, CO2 emissions from buildings are projected to grow faster than any other sector, with emissions from commercial buildings projected to grow the fastest—1.8% a year through 2030.
Buildings consume 70% of the electricity load in the United States.
Buildings have a lifespan of years during which they continually consume energy and produce CO2 emissions. If half of new commercial buildings were built to use 50% less energy, it would save more than 6 million metric tons of CO2 annually for the life of the buildings—the equivalent of taking more than 1 million cars off the road every year.
The U.S. population and economy are projected to grow significantly over the coming decades, increasing the need for new buildings - to meet this demand, approximately 15 million new buildings are projected to be constructed by 2015.
Building green is one of the best strategies for meeting the challenge of climate change because the technology to make substantial reductions in energy and CO2 emissions already exists. The average LEED® certified building uses 32% less electricity and saves 350 metric tons of CO2 emissions annually. 

7. What is a Building Information Model?
National BIM Standard Definition of BIM
A Building Information Model (BIM) is a digital representation of physical and functional characteristics of a facility.  As such it serves as a shared knowledge resource for information about a facility forming a reliable basis for decisions during its life-cycle from inception onward.
A basic premise of BIM is collaboration by different stakeholders at different phases of the life cycle of a facility to insert, extract, update or modify information in the BIM process to support and reflect the roles of that stakeholder. The BIM is a shared digital representation founded on open standards for interoperability.

8. What is a BIM? – Physical & Functional Characteristics View
Legal
Data
Geospatial
Data
Financial
Data
Designer
Data
BIM
Specifier
Data
Image
Graphisoft
Owner / Occupier
Data
Environmentalist
Data
Sustainers
Data

9. What is a BIM? - Lifecycle Information View
Simulations
-Comfort
-Ventilation, heating
-Life cycle cost
-Light, sound
-Insulation
-Fire, usage
-Environment
-Life time predictions
Specifications
-Specification sheets
-Classification standards
-Estimates, accounting
Building Information Model
Briefing
-Functional req.
-Estimates
-Conditions
-Requirements
Knowledge databases
-Best practise knowledge
-Own practice
Laws and regulations
-Building regulations
-Building specifications
CAD software
-Drawings, calculations
-Architect, engineer,…
VRML
-Visualisation, 3D models
Procurement
-Product databases
-Price databases
Facility management
-Letting, sale, operations
-Maintenance
-Guaranties
Demolition, refurbishment
-Rebuild
-Demolition
-Restoration
Construction management
-Scheduling
-Logistics, 4D

10. What is BIM? – Interoperability View
Structural
Engineer
HVAC
Govt.
Constr.
Manager
Facilities
Building
Owner
Civil
Architect
Structural
Engineer
HVAC
City
Constr.
Manager
Facilities
Building
Owner
Civil
Architect
Govt.
Industry Exchange
Standard
©2007 OSCRE, Americas, Inc.

11. What is BIM? – Business Process Change
Geospatial
Data
Product
Selection
Fabrication
Ordering/
Delivery
Invoicing/Payment
Computerized
Maintenance
Management
System (CMMS)
Planning Design Construction Operations Sustainment
Legal
Data
Engineering
Analysis
Code Compliance Checking
Computer
Aided
Facility
Management
Photo courtesy of Dennis R. Shelden, Ph.D., Chief Technology Officer, Gehry Technologies. The picture is of the Disney Conference Hall, designed by Frank Gehry.

12. What is a BIM? – Stakeholders View
Conception
Stage
Project
Delivery
Selection
Stage
Design
Stage
Construction
Documents
Stage
Procurement
Stage
Execution
Stage
Utilization
Stage
Closure
Stage
Facility Managers Maintenance & Sustainment Safety & Occupational Health Plant Operator Renovation & Restoration Space Manager
Security Manager
Network Manager CIO Risk Manager
Insurer Occupant Support & Way finding
First Responders
Owner
Planner - Scoping, Simulation
Environmentalist Realtor
Appraiser Mortgage Banker
Designers Engineers - Energy Analysis, LEED
Conflict Analyst
Cost & Quantity Estimators Specifiers Contract Specialist & Lawyers
Disposal
Recycling
Archivist
Construction Contractors Sub-Contractors Fabricators
Suppliers & Manufacturers Code Officials
Graphisoft
2yr
100+ Years
1Yr

13. Effort Time Traditional Design Ability Changes to Design control costof
Design
Changes
Cost
Ability to
cost
control
Effort CD
Design DD
Construction
Prog
Traditional design work begins with a small team.
The greatest effort is required to develop construction documents.
However, the ability to keep the project within budget reduces from the beginning of design.
This means the design may have budget or other problems during construction.
Solving these problems during construction always costs more.
In the USA, construction is often followed by litigation, or legal action.
Of course, this is the most expensive way to solve design problems!
Litigation
Phase
Time
Courtesy of Patrick MacLeamy, HOK 13

14. Effort Time Design Ability Changes to Design control cost of Cost CDDD
Construction
Prog
Litigation
Phase
Traditional design work begins with a small team.
The greatest effort is required to develop construction documents.
However, the ability to keep the project within budget reduces from the beginning of design.
This means the design may have budget or other problems during construction.
Solving these problems during construction always costs more.
In the USA, construction is often followed by litigation, or legal action.
Of course, this is the most expensive way to solve design problems!
Time
Courtesy of Patrick MacLeamy, HOK 14

15. Effort Time Design Ability Changes to Design control cost of Cost CDDD
Construction
Prog
Traditional design work begins with a small team.
The greatest effort is required to develop construction documents.
However, the ability to keep the project within budget reduces from the beginning of design.
This means the design may have budget or other problems during construction.
Solving these problems during construction always costs more.
In the USA, construction is often followed by litigation, or legal action.
Of course, this is the most expensive way to solve design problems!
Litigation
Phase
Time
Courtesy of Patrick MacLeamy, HOK 15

16. What is a BIM? - Business Model
Dollars Expended on Facility
Conception Stage
Project Delivery Selection Stage
Design Stage
Construction Documents Stage
Procurement Stage
Execution Stage
Utilization
Stage
Closure
Stage
Optimized approach with virtual modeling and analysis with reduced change orders & delivery time and lower operating and sustainment costs
Typical approach failing to do routine maintenance and having to replace items earlier and more often
The savings we are currently experiencing with faster delivery and fewer change orders
Typical design/build approach with required maintenance
This model is not to scale, however gives a life-cycle oriented view of the outcome of implementing BIM than I have seen
This is most effective viewed as a slide show using the builds –
The gold curve represents the typical process we should now encounter – costs ramp up during planning and development and construction and then drop off during operations and sustainment slowly increasing as the facility ages
The red curve represents what happen currently more often as maintenance and sustainment costs are deferred thus causing replacement costs to mount later in the life of the facility
The blue cure represents the implementation of BIM and virtually building a facility and analyzing its performance prior to construction. Costs ramp up faster but construction, operations and sustainment costs are lower because energy usage is optimized and more sustainable materials are used.
The first green savings identified are those savings that come from faster and lower cost delivery created by reducing the number of change orders and RFI’s. These are the savings we are currently seeing from the implementation of BIM in design and construction.
However the significant savings are going to come when we start holding onto and sharing information gathered during various phases of the facilities life-cycle and not re-gathering information for each facility related activity.
We have challenged the academic community and others to help validate and make this curve more accurate. If you are interested in helping with this task please contact me
The yet untapped $avings
2yr
100+ Years
1Yr
Courtesy of DKS Information Consulting, LLC

17. AIA Integrated Practice
Courtesy of AIA and California Chapter AIA

18. A more valuable product for your clients Higher quality facilities
BIM - What is in it for me?
A more valuable product for your clients
Higher quality facilities
Lower energy usage
Shorter delivery time
Lower lifecycle costs
Ability to offer more services
Fewer change orders and RFI’s
Better environmental stewardship
Supports a more sustainable product
A documented record of facilities and infrastructures prior to, during and after construction.

19. A Visual Reason For BIM 3D 2D Visualization Reality
Daniel Libeskind’s Denver Art Museum 3D 2D
Visualization
with Conflict
Analysis
Reality
Slide courtesy of C. Eastman

20. Far More Than Visualization
Ceiling Integration – Disney Concert Hall Frank Gehry
Photo courtesy of Dennis R. Shelden, Ph.D., Chief Technology Officer, Gehry Technologies. The picture is of the Disney Conference Hall, designed by Frank Gehry.

21. buildingSMART International
Interested Countries
Russia
India
Brazil
Courtesy of Patrick MacLeamy, HOK

22. buildingSMART International
Core Technologies
Information Request & Delivery of BIM Data
Requestor
Provider
North American Data Standards
Used in the exchange of Information between team members
OmniClass™, IFDLibrary™, IFC
Information Delivery Manual (IDM)
Structural
Engineer
HVAC
City
Constr.
Manager
Facilities
Building
Owner
Civil
Architect
Govt.
Industry Exchange
Standard
Building_part
Door 2
Window_frame 4
Window 6
Glass 7
frame
glass S[1:?]
Room 8
Room_connection 9
windows S[0:?]
door
relating
related
Room_id 3
identification
Scale sensitive plan symbols
Parametric 3D information
Sectional information
Manufacturers Specifications, Finish, Price
Parametric Elevation information
Industry Foundation Class (ifc)

23. buildingSMART International
Core Technologies
Designer
View
Owner / Occupier
Environmentalist
Specifier
Financial
Legal
Sustainers
Geospatial
BIM
Graphisoft
Image
Model View Definition (MVD)
Properties
BARBi - Norway
LexiCon - Nederland
NBS - England
SDC - France
One concept carries the same unique identification in every language
78AF4E98C8D4406B873DBB85E1FE7DB
In a briefing document
In product catalogues
In classification systems
In building specifications
In a calculation system
In a Facility management system
For demolition and reconstruction
In a CAD system
NBIMS – North America
International Framework Dictionary (IFD)

24. buildingSMART International
Core Technologies
Exchange requirements defined
Exchange Requirements Definition (ERD)
Courtesy European Structural Group and A Crawley

25. buildingSMART International
Plan Design Build Sustain
MVD
MVD
MVD
MVD
Owner Planner Architect Engineer General Sub Operator Maintenance
Planner County Engineer Analysis Sub Fabricator Operator Occupant
IDM
IDM
IDM
IDM
IFC
IFD
Based
IFC
IFC Based Building Information Model
Containing: Geometry, Tabular, Calculations
and other information
Photo of Disney Concert Hall courtesy Dennis Shelden, Gehry Technologies

26. buildingSMART alliance
Bringing together a total package to support BIM implementation in North America by leveraging international effort
Technology
Standards
Education and Training
Benefits and Return on Investment
Business Process Re-engineering
Coordinating Users, Organizations and Associations
More…Total of 10 Program Areas

27. buildingSMART alliance: Vision and Mission
A global environment where all participants can readily and transparently share, apply and maintain information about facilities and infrastructure
Mission
Improve all aspects of the facility and infrastructure lifecycle by promoting collaboration, technology, integrated practices and open standards

28. buildingSMART alliance: Goals
Provide visibility to ongoing efforts
Identify interfaces
Identify gaps and overlaps
Support ongoing projects
Coordinate a fragmented industry
to profoundly reduce
waste (Materials and Time)
Demonstrate the power of an industry alliance all moving toward
a common vision
To reduce United States construction industry waste by $200B a year by 2020

29. Information Dissemination
Press, Conferences, Webinars
and other methods

30. BIM Storm

31. Tipping Point Prediction
Time is of the essence
Evolution
Revolution
Disruption

32. Participate in projects defining the future
Why Join the Alliance?
Participate in projects defining the future
Leverage your implementation cost
Reduce risk and time in implementation
Learn from others successes and failures
Obtain the latest practice information
Attain a greater understanding of BIM
Understand what is possible and what is not
Don’t re-invent the wheel
Identify others using BIM
Lead don’t follow
© M.A. Mortenson Company

33. How to join the Alliance?
Visit
Apply on-line or contact:
Deke Smith – (202) or
Peter Smeallie -
Here it is – how to get involved.
Membership Level
Associate: NIBS MOU Holder, Councils, Committees (Please contact NIBS directly) 
Member:
Student $25.00
Individual $100.00
State & Local Government $1,000.00
Federal Government $5,000.00
Gross Annual Income Based $1, (<$10M)
$2, (<$50M)
$3, (<$100M)
$4, (<$250M)
$5, (>$ 250M) 
Sponsor:
Alliance Sponsor $10,000.00
Bronze Sponsor $25,000.00
Silver Sponsor $50,000.00
Gold Sponsor $100,000.00
Platinum Sponsor $250, and above

34. Questions?
Deke Smith
(202)

35. Thank You
Deke Smith
(202)