1. Element Summary Slides
Directions: Go to View – slideshow and scroll through slides as a review activity. The answer to the clues will not be displayed until you arrow down at that slide.
NOTE: all graphics without a URL were provided with the text book –Chemistry – Matter and Change by Glencoe/McGraw Hill
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

2. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
most abundant metal
third most abundant element in earth’s crust
usually found in nature combined with oxygen or silicon
bauxite is the name of its ore
this element’s sulfate “alum” used in antiperspirants and remove suspended particles during water purification
ANSWER = Aluminum
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

3. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
A reddish-brown liquid
Highly reactive
ANSWER = bromine
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

4. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
This element has 3 main allotropes – diamond, graphite, and charcoal
The study of this element is given its own branch of chemistry called “Organic Chemistry”
ANSWER = carbon
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

5. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
three solid allotropes = white (bursts into flames in air thus stored in water), red (used on striking surface for match boxes); black (formed when other under high pressure)
compounds used in fertilizers;
ANSWER = phosphorus
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

6. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
Colorless diatomic gas
Element with the highest electronegativity
most reactive nonmetal
Latin “fluere” “to flow”
the element’s compounds are added to toothpaste and drinking water, also in non-stick surfaces;
ANSWER = fluorine
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

7. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
metalloid
Used in computer chips and solar cells
second most abundant element in Earth’s crust after oxygen
Usually exists as “silica”.
Silica found in quartz crystals, sand, and glass
ANSWER = silicon
Borosilicate glass
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

8. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
Soft, highly reactive metal
Most abundant metal in its group
Present in vapor lamps
heat exchanger in nuclear reactors
most common positive ion in fluid outside cells (flow into cells when nerve cell is stimulated);
in table salt
ANSWER = sodium
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

9. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
reacts with most elements
deadly yellowish green gas
Its compounds disinfect sewage
Its compounds are used as bleaching agents and to remove stains
dentist use compounds to block pain
an element in the acid found in your stomach, part of PVC pipes
ANSWER = chlorine
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

10. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
its chloride can be used as a salt substitute
found in compounds used in fertilizers
its nitrate used as explosive and for fireworks
most common positive ion inside the cell in table salt
Reacts vigorously w/water
ANSWER = potassium
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

11. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
radioactive element found in smoke detectors
ANSWER = americium
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

12. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
forms explosives
gains 3 electrons to form -3 ion
colorless, odorless; relatively unreactive
78% earth’s atmosphere
contained in protein; bacteria in soil “fix” this element into compounds which contain this element
used in making ammonia (cleaning product); explosives (TNT and nitroglycerine), dyes, and fertilizers;
ANSWER = nitrogen
Liquid nitrogen
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

13. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
ten allotropes
its oxide is found in acid rain
Present in the compound that has a rotten egg smell
released through ocean vents
ANSWER = sulfur
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

14. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
Unreactive gas
Light displays named after this element which gives off orange light
ANSWER = neon
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

15. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
Flammable, colorless, diatomic gas
has 3 isotopes (protium, deuterium, and tritium)
The gas that caused the Hindenberg to explode.
ANSWER = hydrogen
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

16. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
best conductor
transition metal
precious metal
ANSWER = silver
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

17. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
contained in peptobismal
“Wood’s metal” alloy
ANSWER = bismuth
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

18. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
found widely in nature especially as a metal carbonate
Its carbonate compound is the main ingredient in limestone, chalk, and marble; coral reefs exoskeletons; antacid tablets; abrasive in toothpaste
ANSWER = calcium
limestone
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

19. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
unreactive gas
most abundant member of its family (1% atmosphere)
Used in high temperature welding for an inert environment
used in filament of incandescent light bulbs and as layer of insulation between panes of glass
ANSWER = argon
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

20. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
Abundant
can be formed into almost any shape
lighter alloy than steel (bicycles, backpack frames, “mag” wheels)
needed in plants (in chlorophyll)
its ion is important in muscle function and metabolism
part of “hard” water (with Ca2+) – ions interfere with action of soaps and detergents; can form “scum” (deposits) that clog pipes, water heaters, and steam irons
Burns in CO2
ANSWER = magnesium
Magnesium Ribbon
“mag” wheel
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Burning magnesium ribbon

21. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
FYI – Magnesium can burn in carbon dioxide, like many things can burn in oxygen, thus CO2 fire extinguishers do not work to put out Magnesium fires.
ANSWER = magnesium
CLEVELAND, OH - 30 Dec 2003
Firefighters Let Magnesium Fire Burn Itself Out In Cleveland (Photo by John Bashian/Getty Images)
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

22. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
Tin shot
softer than most metals
found in bronze and pewter
ANSWER = tin
pewter
Tin & lead
Bronze
- tin & copper
Tin foil
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

23. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
least reactive alkali
in long-lasting batteries
used in de-humidifiers to absorb water
its carbonate is used to strengthen glass and as a drug for bipolar disorder
In alloys in airplanes (strong & lightweight).
ANSWER = lithium
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

24. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
found combined with Al, Si, O in “beryl”
used in alloys where sparks bad
only metal in its group that doesn’t form an alkaline solution when it reacts with water.
ANSWER = beryllium
“beryl”
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

25. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
discovered in emission spectrum of sun
found in earth natural gas wells (light enough to escape gravity)
used in blimps air ships and balloons
mixed with O2 for divers to prevent “bends”
coolant for supercooling magnets
ANSWER = helium
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

26. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
Least representative of its group
found in borosilicate glass (withstand extreme differences in temp)
main source = borax (Mojave Desert); borax = cleaning agent & fireproof insulation; boric acid = disinfectant & eye wash
its nitride is the second hardest known material (superabrasive)
ANSWER = boron
Borax
Borosilicate glass
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

27. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
This element has two main allotropes
20% earth’s atmosphere,
colorless, odorless gas
needed for combustion
produced in photosynthesis
most abundant element in earth’s crust
ANSWER = oxygen
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

28. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
The only metal that is a liquid at room temperature
toxic
Forms amalgams
ANSWER = mercury
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

29. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
Transition metal that is found uncombined in nature
Good conductor, found in electrical wiring
Highly ductile
orangish-brown in color
ANSWER = copper
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

30. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
low m.p. (melt in hand)
its arsenide is used in semiconductor chips in light-powered solar calculators and solar panels (10x more efficient than Si chips)
scientist using this element’s nitride to make blue laser (triple storage capacity – shorter wavelength – also increase speed and resolution of laser printers)
ANSWER = gallium
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

31. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
found as part of a compound in fish, eggs, and grains (works w/ vit. E prevent cell damage; prevent cancer growth?)
“locoweed” plant – get sick
can convert light into electricity – used in solar panels
photographers use in light meters
photocopiers work because charged particles of this element create an “image” of item
semiconductor
ANSWER = selenium
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

32. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Element Summary
Toxic metal
Has a low m.p
maybe first obtained from ore (due to low m.p.)
used to be used for eating utensils, pipes
additive in gas in paint
currently used in storage batteries
ANSWER = lead
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

33. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Sources
Silicon -
Silcon-quartz -
Neon sign “Ne” -
Neon tube -
Hydrogen -
Bismuth -
Peptobismal - library.thinkquest.org/2824/Digestive.html
Calcium -
Limeston -
Argon – inert environment
Argon – fill glass -
Argon blue sign -
Argon light bulb -
Magnesium Ribbon -
Magnesium burning - Magnesium wheel -
Magnesium ribbon -
Magnesium burning -
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School

34. Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School
Sources
Tin - cgi.ebay.com/TIN-Metal-Element-Shot **...
Tin foil -
Tin – bronze -
Tin – pewter pilgrim.ceredigion.gov.uk/index.cfm?articleid...
Lithium battery -
Lithium2 - library.thinkquest.org/C /Lithium.shtml
Lithium pills -
Beryllium ball -
Beryllium disc -
Beryl - commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Beryll.jpg
Helium balloon -
Boron Carbide - qdmmm.en.alibaba.com/.../Sell_Boron_Carbide.html
Borosilicate glass -
Borax - chemistry.about.com/.../Borax.htm
Selenium -
Oxygen(both) -
Sodium-potassium pump -
Jodi Grack; Wayzata High School