1. What is PMS?

3. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
A varied group of physical and psychological symptoms, including abdominal bloating, breast tenderness, headache, fatigue, irritability, anxiety, and depression, that occur from 2 to 10 days before the onset of menstruation and cease shortly after menstruation begins.

4. Menstruation - The monthly flow of blood and cellular debris (including the unfertilized egg) from the uterine lining that begins at puberty in women. In women, menstruation ceases at menopause.

5. menstrual cycle a hormone-controlled cycle (beginning at menarche and ending at menopause) in which an egg matures, is released from the ovary, and the endometrial lining of the uterus prepares for pregnancy; if pregnancy does not occur the lining is shed at menstruation; the average menstrual cycle is 28 days

6. Female Reproductive System

8. Uterine lining grows

10. Hormones from pituitary
Hormones from ovary

12. FSH – stimulates follicle to grow
a group of cells forming a protective layer around the developing egg
FSH – stimulates follicle to grow

13. Follicles

15. The follicle cells release estrogen.
- stimulates uterine lining to grow
- stimulates pituitary to release LH

18. LH stimulates ovulation
the release of an egg from an ovary
occurs midway in the menstrual cycle

19. Ovulation

21. LH (leutenizing hormone) stimulates the broken follicle to form the
Corpus luteum “yellow body”
A yellow, progesterone-secreting mass of cells that forms from a ruptured ovarian follicle after the release of a mature egg.

22. Corpus luteum “yellow body”
Progesterone - stimulates and maintains the thickness of the
uterine lining

24. Ovary STOP! FSH LH Pituitary gland Progesterone Estrogen
Negative Feedback
Estrogen

25. What happens to the menstrual cycle if the egg is not fertilized?

26. Corpus Luteum degenerates
What happens to the secretion of estrogen and progesterone?
What happens to the uterine lining?

28. Without estrogen and progesterone what happens to the negative feedback?

29. Ovary STOP! FSH LH Pituitary gland Progesterone Estrogen
Negative Feedback
Estrogen

30. What happens to the menstrual cycle if the egg is fertilized?

31. embryo
releases a hormone that maintains the corpus luteum!

34. corpus luteum corpus luteum maintained disintegrates
Fertilization No fertilization
Embryo death of egg
embryo secretes no HCG
HCG
corpus luteum corpus luteum
maintained disintegrates

35. Uterine lining Uterine lining maintained degenerates
Progesterone, estrogen progesterone, levels maintained estrogen
levels fall
Uterine lining Uterine lining
maintained degenerates
Formation Menstruation
of placenta FSH, LH levels rise
Placenta secretes Follicle develops
Progesterone, estrogen

36. FSH LH
Pituitary gland
Ovary
STOP!
Progesterone
Estrogen

37. B D A B D C

38. Follicle Stage, Ovulation, Corpus Luteum Stage, Menstruation

39. Place these in the correct order: Ovulation Stage Menstruation
(starting with the development of the egg)
Ovulation Stage
Menstruation
Corpus Luteum Stage
Follicle Stage

40. Stages of the Menstrual Cycle
Follicle Stage
Ovulation
Corpus Luteum Stage
Menstruation

41. on the sheet in the right order
Activity
Place the events
on the sheet in the right order

42. Events in the Menstrual Cycle
1. maturation of follicle
2. estrogen stimulates uterine lining to thicken
3. secretion of luteinizing hormone
4. ovulation occurs
5. formation of corpus luteum

43. Events in the Menstrual Cycle cont.
6. secretion of progesterone
7. corpus luteum degenerates
8. uterine lining degenerates
9. menstruation occurs
10. secretion of follicle stimulating hormone

45. 1. FSH – stimulates follicle to grow
Estrogen – stimulates uterine lining to thicken
- stimulates pituitary to
release LH
LH – stimulates ovulation
- stimulates follicle to turn into
corpus lutem
Progesterone – stimulates/maintains
uterine lining

46. If there isn’t an embryo, what happens to the negative feedback?
If there is an embryo, what happens to the negative feedback?

47. A - FSH
B - LH
C - Estrogen
D - Progesterone