1. The Reproductive System
The Reproductive Hormones
The Male Reproductive System
LH, FSH and Negative Feedback
The Female Reproductive System
LH, FSH, Estrogen and Progesterone
Controlling Reproduction

2. The Reproductive Hormones
The sex glands or gonads – the testes in males and the ovaries in females – are the primary source of sex hormones
Androgens  Males
Estrogen and Progesterone  Females
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4. The Male Reproductive System

5. Androgen ____________ Androsterone also used but at a lesser extent
The process of creating sperm cells
Creates about 130 million sperm per day
Facial and body hair
Growth of larynx (“Adam’s Apple”)

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7. The Male Body at Work
Inhibin
Negative Feedback
(Negative Feedback)

8. The Male Body at Work _____________
Pituitary releases Gonadotropic Hormones;
Lutenizing hormone (LH)
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Both FSH and LH work to produce mature sperm.

9. Male LH
Travels to the testes and acts on the Leydig Cells of the interstitium.
Promotes Testosterone production
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11. Negative Feedback (LH) - Testosterone
When high levels of testosterone are detected by the hypothalamus, negative feedback occurs
____________
 __________________
 _____________________

12. Negative Feedback (FSH) - Inhibin
When FSH acts on Sertoli cells, Inhibin is produced.
___________
 Inhibits production of FSH

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15. The Female Reproductive System

16. The Ovarian Cycle
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18. Putting them together – What’s Important?
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2) Follicular Phase – ovarian follicles (containing maturing eggs) develop _____________
3) Ovulation – Egg is released from the ovary _____________
4) Luteal Phase – formation of the corpus luteum _____________

19. 1) The Flow Phase
_____________
Results in cramping and bleeding

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21. 2) Follicular Phase (cycle day 6-13)
Estrogen is secreted
As follicles develop, estrogen concentration in the blood increases
_____________

22. 3) Ovulation __________ Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

23. Ovulation - FSH ___________
Follicles are fluid-filled sacs where an egg grows, matures and is released at ovulation each month.
Follicles secrete estrogen (causes the endometrial lining to build up)
………………….

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25. Follicle Development and Ovulation
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Follicle Development and Ovulation

26. 4) Leutual Phase (cycle day 15-28)
____________
Estrogen levels will be slightly lower than follicular phase
Progesterone levels are now going to increase
Stimulates endometrium (uterine lining) to receive an embryo
Inhibits further ovulation
Prevents uterine contractions

28. When an Embryo Does Implant
If an egg is fertilized and begins to develop, it must implant in the endometrium of the uterus

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30. Controlling Reproduction
Birth control pills administer estrogen and/or progesterone to females in carefully controlled doses throughout the month in ………………..
No ovulation  no egg  no baby

31. A Quick Note: _______________
This causes the release of the gonadotropic hormones
LH and FSH
Same hormone but different pathways in males (testes) and females (ovaries)

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33. A Quick Note - concluded:
Any of the sex hormones present in quantities above or below the normal levels will result in medical issues (can be major or slight)
_____________
Presence of or Lack of expected gender based characteristics
…………………