1. Classifying matter

2. What is matter? Anything that has mass and volume
There are 3 states of matter: liquid, solid, and gas

3. Pure substance Matter that has exactly the same composition
Every sample has the same properties
Examples: sodium, gold

4. element A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
Has a fixed composition because it only contains one type of atom
Examples; hydrogen, oxygen, helium, gold, mercury, nitrogen

5. Periodic table of elements

6. compounds
Substance that is made of 2 or more simpler substances and can be broken down into those simpler substances.
Example: Water H2O , Quartz SiO2
Water has 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom
Quartz has 1 silicon atom and 2 oxygen atoms

7. Are these elements or compounds?
FeO2 Ag Ar
CO2
NaCl
CaCO3 H2

8. Mixtures
Properties of a mixture can vary because the composition of a mixture is not fixed
Example: salsa
The type of peppers used and quantity of peppers will determine how spicy it is
No matter how well you stir a batch of salsa . The ingredients will never be evenly distributed

9. Heterogeneous mixture
Different kind
Parts of the mixture are noticeably different
Example: sand, salsa

10. Homogeneous mixture All parts look the same
Substances are so evenly distributed that it is difficult to distinguish one substance in the mixture from another
Appears to contain one substance
Example: stainless steel spoon made of a mixture of iron, chromium, and nickel

11. What type of mixture are these pictures?

12. Solution Occurs when substances dissolve and form a homogenous mixture
Ex: kool aid, tap water with salt

13. Suspension Heterogeneous mixture that separates into layers over time
“shake well before using”
Examples: container filled with sand and water

14. colloids
Contains some particles that are intermediate in size between the small particles in a solution and the larger particles in a suspension.
They do not separate into layers
You can not use a filter to separate.
Ex: homogenized milk

15. Homogenized milk
Milk is a mixture of substances including water, sugar, proteins, and fats.
When fresh cow’s milk is allowed to stand, a layer of cream rises to the top. This layer contains most of the fat.
When you buy milk at the store, the cream does not form a separate layer because the milk has been processed so that the fat remains dispersed throughout the milk, making it a colloid

16. Fresh cow’s milk unhomogenized
Homogenized cow’s milk (colloid)