1. RENAISSANCE, REFORMATION, ENLIGHTENMENT

2. A philosophical and artistic movement that saw a rebirth in Europe

3. The Renaissance

4. The inventor of the Printing Press

5. Johannes Gutenberg

6. He felt a ruler should be concerned with power and political success

7. MACHIAVELLI

8. Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy?

9. It’s location on trade routes, and new knowledge found in the old Roman Empire

10. Brought on the Reformation

11. Martin Luther

12. Movement focused on human achievement and potential and came into conflict with the teachings of the Catholic Church

13. Humanism

14. This emphasized the importance of individual achievement without having belief in God

15. Secularism

16. At the beginning of time God decided who would be saved, this is known as

17. Predestination

18. Pope Paul III acted to end abuses of the Church, define Church Doctrine, and focus on keeping Catholics from leaving the Church with this

19. Council of Trent

20. The movement by the Catholic Church to reform church matters and stop the spread of Protestantism

21. The Counter-Reformation

22. This resulted in the formation of the Anglican Church

23. King Henry VIII was denied an annulment by the Pope

24. Humanist scholars focused on this

25. The Greek & Roman Classics and worldly subjects

26. He was known as the Renaissance Man because of his accomplishments in many areas

27. Michelangelo

28. Thomas More is known for this

29. He wrote Utopia

30. Having a worldly focus vs a religious focus

31. Secular

32. Language of every day people

33. Vernacular

34. Discovered the law of gravity

35. Isaac Newton

36. Wrote the Wealth of Nations focused on Capitalism

37. Adam Smith

38. Founded the Jesuit order of Priests

39. Ignatius of Loyola

40. His philosophy was Government was to protect people’s natural rights “Life, Liberty, & Property

41. John Locke

42. He is credited with the creation of the Heliocentric model of the universe

43. Nicholas Copernicus

44. They discovered the natural laws of human society as well as the natural world (social science)

45. Enlightenment Thinkers

46. A ruler who embraced the principles of the Enlightenment, allowing some Enlightenment thought into their governments, but did not limit their power

47. Enlightenment Despots

48. The Enlightenment developed out of the ideas of this……..

49. The Scientific Revolution

50. He believed that people were naturally cruel, greedy, and selfish and should enter into social contract, only a strong absolute monarchy could guarantee an orderly society

51. Thomas Hobbes

52. This Enlightenment Thinker came up with the concept of the Separation of Powers

53. Montesquieu

54. He believed the role of Government was to protect the people’s natural rights

55. John Locke

56. He said the earth was the center of the Universe

57. Ptolemy

58. He said the universe is sun-centered

59. Copernicus

60. Enlightenment thinker who said people are good, the evils of society corrupts them “Man is born free, yet everywhere he is in chains”

61. Rousseau

62. U.S. Bill of Rights used his theory of freedom of speech and religion

63. Voltaire

64. He discovered the orbit of the planets are oval in nature

65. Johannes Kepler

66. The step of the Scientific Method that allowed one to make an educated guess

67. The Hypotheses

68. The Peace of Augsburg did this

69. Gave German rulers the right to choose the religion of their state

70. Northern Renaissance writer who focused on human behavior, using stories of his time to create masterpieces – always avoiding religious themes

71. William Shakespeare