1. Inflectional Morphology

2. Derivational morphology involves a change of class.
Example:
Play (verb) + -er = player (noun)
Accept (verb) + -able = acceptable (adjective)

3. Inflectional Morphology
Inflectional morphology does not change word class/function/part of speech.
Inflectional morphemes inflect nouns and verbs.

4. Nouns Inflection marks plurality in singular nouns. Noun (singular)
Noun (plural)
car s
cars
table
tables
Irregular nouns involve a vowel change
foot
feet
woman
women

5. Nouns “s” for possession Ahmed Ahmed’s book John John’s car Man
The man’s bag
Student
Student’s book
Students
Students’ books

6. There is no difference is sound when pronouncing a singular possessive noun and its plural form: The doctor’s car. The doctors’ cars.

7. “s” with verbs Indicates present tense agreement: He read + s
He reads novels.
She
cook + s
She cooks every day. It
rain + s
It rains in winter.
He can be (Ahmed, John, Mark, Samir, etc.)
She can be (Mary, Samar, Heba, etc.)

8. “ed” past
For regular verbs, the past tense is marked with the addition of “-ed” at the end of the verb. Examples:
play+ed, work+ed, visit+ed, want+ed
Irregular verbs are marked mainly by a vowel change as in:
sing
sang
sung
take
took
taken
write
wrote
written

9. “-ed” for past participle
He had studied hard for the exam last semester.
She had prepared breakfast before she left in the morning.

10. “er” comparative + est (superlative)
Bigger, taller, higher,
Biggest, tallest, highest

11. 8 inflectional morphemes
1. S for plural
Makes singular noun plural
Car, cars
2. S for possessive
Inflects a noun for possession
John’s, Ahmed’s
3. S for third person
Inflects a verb to 3rd person sg.
He works hard.
4. –ed for past simple
Inflects a verb to the past simple
She played yesterday.
5. –ed for past participle
Inflects a verb to the past participle
The bag was stolen.
6. –ing for present participle
Inflect a verb to the present participle tense
He was playing football
7. –er for comparative
Inflects an adjective to the comparative degree
This room is bigger than the other one.
8. –est for superlative
Inflect an adjective for the superlative degree
This room is the biggest in the building.

12. Do not change the word class Do not usually change word class
Morphemes
Free
Bound
Inflectional
Derivational
Prefixes
Suffixes
Suffixes
Do not change the word class
Do not usually change word class
Change word class