1. Unit Archaeology

2. ARCHAEOLOGY
Unit 20 China is a country with an ancient civilization .It has a long history and brilliant culture. In which ways can we learn about its history and culture?

3. How much do you know about the following pictures
Inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells
Terra cotta warriors and horses

4. What can they remind us of ?
What are they?
What can they remind us of ?
axe
Tri-colored glazed pottery
(陶釉） of Tang Dynasty
A painting on silk of Han Dynasty
Bronze tripod

5. Stone Age
cave
Tool
arrows
skull

6. Bronze Age
What are the functions of these objects?

7. Han Dynasty
pottery
Palace
A painting on silk

8. Tri-colored glazed pottery
Tang Dynasty
Tri-colored glazed pottery
Dunhuang frescoes

9. What are they playing?
Polo in Tang Dynasty

10. Do you know ?
Stone Age (10, ,000 BC)

11. Bronze Age (2, BC)

12. Han Dynasty

13. Tang Dynasty

14. questions 1.What did they eat? 2.Where did they live?
3.What did their houses look like?
4.What kind of tools did they use?
5.What objects have we found from their age?
6.What kind of entertainment did they have ?

15. Meat & Fish fruit, plants and in the later
Stone Age
Meat & Fish fruit, plants and in the later
Stone Age probably also bread and rice.
Early Stone Age: caves and tents:
Late Stone Age: huts, wooden buildings
Home decoration: Early Stone Age: wall paintings
animal skins, animal bones;
Late Stone Age: Pottery, wall paintings, animal skins,
woven materials, objects made of jade.

16. Early Stone Age: Tools made of stones,
fishing nets, tools made of wood, tools
made of clay, tools made of bones;
Late Stone Age: same but more skilled.
Bones, rammed earth, traces of fires,
tools, simple objects such as jewellery
made of animal teeth or bones.
Early Stone Age: Story telling, maybe
singing, and dancing around a fire.
Late Stone Age: same + decorating
homes, pottery and handicrafts

17. Bronze Age Rice, staple food and vegetables from farms,
meat from hunted and farm animals, fish,
milk products.
Wooden building.
Home decoration: Painted walls, pots and
containers made of clay or bronze, wooden
Furniture, woven mats.

18. Stone and wood, containers of pottery
and bronze, weapons made of bronze.
Bronze objects, bones, stone objects,
Pottery and clay figures.
Story telling, singing and dancing,
Music with simple musical instruments,
Reciting poetry, handicrafts.

19. Han Dynasty Fine foods of all varieties, wine and alcohol
Wooden building.
Home decoration: Painted walls, pots and con-
tainers made of clay or bronze, wooden furniture,
woven mats and woven silk and woolen cloth.

20. All kinds of tools made of different metals,
wood, glass, or stone.
Clay figures, statues, woven cloth of silk
and other materials, jade, gold, written
bamboo texts, pottery.
Song and poetry, music with a variety of
musical instruments, hunting, eating and
drinking.

21. Tang Dynasty A choice of fine foods and wines.
Wooden and stone buildings
Home decoration: Painted walls, pots and vases
made of porcelain, wooden, stone and metal
sculptures, furniture, woven mats and woven
Silk and woolen cloth.

22. All kinds of tools made of different material.
Pottery, tools, jewellery, paper and silk
material, jade, gold and metal objectss.
Various forms of musical entertainment,
reading, hunting, travel, etc.

23. Unit 20 Archaeology
Speaking

24. Sanxingdui Ruins sites
How much do you know about the Sanxingdui Ruins sites in Sichuang Province?
What can be found ?
Try to say something about it.

25. In the spring of 1929, Yan Daocheng, a farmer was working
with his family to dig an irrigation ditch. They unearthed
about 400 pieces of colourful jade. They had opened a door
on the ancient state of Shu.
In spring ,1934, Ge Weihan, an American professor and
Ling Mingjun, a clerk in the West China University, headed
a team of archaeological workers to dig up the Sanxingdui
remains. It lasted ten days. About 400 pieces of jade ware
and other objects were unearthed.
In 1963, while digging in the area, Mr. Feng Hanji pointed
to Sanxingdui and told his students that the remains were
so overcrowded that this must be a central city of ancient
Shu. Later his prediction proved to be true.

26. In 1986, the archaeologists made the remaining mound
as the centre of operations and began to work outwards.
In the total area of 1,325 square meters, including 53 holes,
they cleared out 9 house ruins, 101 ash pits, and got over
100, 000 earthenware pieces and about 500 pieces of bronze,
jade and lacquer ware. On July 18, No.1 pit was found.
Over 400 pieces altogether, including gold-scepters, gold
masks, bronze images, jade tablets, jade dagger-axes and
ivories were unearthed. On July 27, the No. 2 pit was found.
Over 800 pieces together, including gold objects, a bronze
standing man, bronze vertical-eyed mask, large sacred trees
numerous bronze images and a large number of jade objects
were all taken out from the pit.

27. characters

28. Groups of Pyramids in Egypt

29. Explore Pyramids

30. discoveries
mummy
coffin

32. Free talk What’s the importance of archaeology?
Are there any archaeological sites in your
hometown?
What’s your attitude towards it?
How should we deal with the unearthed
objects?

33. Useful Expressions I wonder what /who… I really want to know…
I’m curious to… I’d love to know…
I wonder if/whether… What I really like to find out is…
I’m curious about… I’d like to know more about…

34. Unit20 integrating skill

35. 三星堆博物馆外观 The Museum of Sanxingdui
博物馆中的“易” in the museum
青铜神树 Bronze Tree
青铜面具 Bronze Mask

36. 1.  Why did Jinsha village became famous all over
China in 2001?
2.  How did Sanxingdui first discovered?

37. Read the whole passage carefully again and then answer
some detailed questions.
1.Who was the first to discover the Jinsha Ruins and when?
2.Before the Jinsha Ruins was found, archaeologists
believed how long the history of Sichuan was?
3.Since 1929, what have been unearthed in Sanxingdui
Ruins Site?
4.What do archaeologists hope to discover in the future?

38. Read the whole passage carefully again and then answer
some detailed questions on the screen.
1.Who was the first to discover the Jinsha Ruins and when?
2.Before the Jinsha Ruins was found, archaeologists
believed how long the history of Sichuan was?
On February 8, 2001, construction workers from a local
company found ivory and jade in the mud when they
were building road there
Before the discoveries in the Jinsha Ruins, it was believed
that Sichuan only had a history of about 2,300 years

39. 3.Since 1929, what have been unearthed in Sanxingdui
Ruins Site?
4.What do archaeologists hope to discover in the future?
Since 1929, more that 10,000 relics dating back to between
5,000BC and 3,000BC have been discovered. 53 holes
were dug up and over 1,200 pieces, including bronze and
gold masks, bronze objects and images, jade and ivory
had been found
They hope to discover some of the mysterious palaces,
tombs of kings and bronze and jade workshops.

40. Relics excavated in Sanxingdui ruins
The site of Sanxingdui, located at Guanghan 40km from Chengdu, is recognized as the most important ancient remains of the Sichuan region for its vast size, long lasting period and enriched cultural contents. The site was ranked by the State Council of PRC among the Top National Culture-Preservatory Bases in January 1988.
Sanxingdui Museum
Relics excavated in Sanxingdui ruins

41. The Discovery of the Ruins in Jinsha Village
A jade object.
with a hole in the center.
The excavation site of the historical relics in Jinsha Village.
A bronze figure in a standing posture.
A jade chisel.
A stone kneeling figure

43. department of protection of
A suggested flow chart:
Find the old things
under the ground
Stop working
Not steal
the old things
Not destroy
the scene
Protect the
scene
Call the
department of protection of
historical relics
Call the police

44. language study

45. Please hand me the bag made by hand.
He lighted a candle to give us light.
hand vt. 传递 n. 手
light vt. 点燃 n.光亮
Words with different word functions:
cut, date, dress, trade, face, transport,
laugh, excuse, contact…

46. 1. The photo reminds me of childhood.
2.  At the Jinsha Ruins, archaeologists dug up many
precious relics.
3.  The house doesn’t belong to me.
4.  It looks like rain.
5.  He must have been there before.
6.  They may not have caught the train.

47. Henry gave me a tie for my birthday last year.
It was last year that Henry gave me a new tie
for my birthday.
It was Henry who gave me a new tie for my
birthday last year .
It was for my birthday that Henry gave me
a new tie last year.
强调句型：It is +…that (who)…

48. It is said that Tom has come back from abroad.
People say that Tom has come back from abroad.
＊It be + v.pp + that clause →
people + Vt.+ that clause
( reported,believed,thought,proved,hoped,suggested,
known…)

49. Individual work:
Complete the following sentences using “it”.
________________(据报道)dozens of children died
in the accident.
2._____________(真遗憾)he can’t swim at his age.
3.It is uncertain ________________________________
(他是否参加会议 ).
4.It is important _____________________________
( 掌握一门外语 ).
5._____________________(在大学时 ) they got to know .
7.It is an honor _________________________(举办奥运会).
It is reported
It’s pity
whether he will attend the meeting
to master a foreign language.
It was at college that
to hold the Olympic Games

50. Unit 20 integrating skill
Complete the sentences, paying attention to the use of “it”.
_____________(据说) that this book has been translated into
many different languages.
2.  _______________________(很可能) that your team will win.
3.  ____________(很遗憾) that he can’t pass the English test.
4. _________________________________(直到250年后) that they
formed a single state.
5. _______________(是1990年) that I graduated from the university.
6.  It is important _____________________________(我们学好英语).
It is said
It is possible/likely
It’s a pity
It was not until 250 years later
It was in 1990
for us to learn English well

51. ivory
jade
1.They found _________(象牙）and __________(玉）
in the mud.
2. Since then, archaeologists have found a large_________
(量，数量）of treasure.
3. I make my cellphone _____________(当作）a watch.
4. Sichuan not only had trade_________with (与…贸易联系）
　the Yangtze and Yellow River valleys.
5. A farmer ____________(挖出）a round piece of jade.
6. Yan Kaizong _______________(陪同） his grandfather
to get to the museum in Guanghan.
7. That things don’t ________________(属于）us.
8. There are many treasure, including gold _______(面具）
　bronze objects and ___________(神像), jade and ivory.
quantity
serve as
links
dug up
accompanied
belongs to
masks
images

52. 1. Archaeologists in England found a grave of a man
________________(回溯到）around 2300 BC.
2. He was buried _______his left side ________his face
_________the north. (介词填空）
3. The most amazing ___________(发现）was two gold
_____________.(耳环）
4. Only a few _________________from his head ______
(be) two pots made of clay.
5. Everything _________(发现）in the man’s grave was
probably given to him for his use in the next life.
6. The ____________(发现）is important for a
______________of (各种各样）reasons.
7. Archaeologists _______________(趋于）believe that
this man was a member of a powerful class that may……
dating back to on
with to
find
earrings
centimetres
were
found
discovery
variety
tend to

53. approximately
8. The biggest stones weigh _____________(接近）20 tons.
9. ________not yet known how these were ____________
(搬运）over a __________(距离）of 380 kilometres.
10. It is possible that the King of Stonehenge was _______
to (与…有关）the stones: he may have had__________
(参与）planning the _____________(纪念碑） , or in
helping transport and pull up the stones.
11. ________________(就…而言）technical development,
people were going from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age.
12. ……but ________________(人们认为）to have
happened through trade and cultural ________(联系）.
13. The King of Stonehenge came with the skills to make
metal , and that would have given him a high status
______________(在…看来）local people.
It’s
conveyed
distance
linked
a hand in
monument
In terms of
it is believed
link
in the eyes of

54. Word study
Find the words which mean the same as:
1________ the ruler of an empire higher than a king
2________ the clothes that people wear
3________ a long stick with a sharp point ,used as a weapon
4________ a deep round bowl used for cooking
5________ a thin weapon that you shoot with a bow
6________ the amount of space between two places
emperor
clothing
spear
pot
arrow
distance

55. Complete the following sentences :
1 date The ____ was May 3,200. Archaeologist in England found the grave of a man, which______
back to around 23,00BC.
2 dress She loves black _______.She is always
_________in black.
3 find Archaeologist_______the grave of a man
last year and the most amazing____was two gold earrings.
date
dated
dresses
dressed
found
find

56. 4 transport No one knows how these big stone were ____________over such a distance. Some say it could aliens who lent a hand in the ________ of the stones.
5 trade The _____between China and Western countries has a long history . They _______jewellery and medicine for China and tea and silk.
6 pin I’m looking for some _____. I want to _____this beautiful picture on the wall.
transported
transport
trade
traded
pins
pin

57. Writing
China has a long history. The ground contains cultural relics and important archaeological objects almost everywhere.Archaeological discoveries play an important part in learning about the history and culture of a country, so everyone has the duty to protect them after they are unearthed.
Work in groups and discuss what you should do and what you should not do when you discovered some old things under the ground.
Make a poster showing a flow chart of the things you should do and should not do.

58. Thank you