1. K.J. INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Presented By:--
Asnani vikas ( )
Manish Agrawal( )
Jaydeep bariya ( ) Guided By:--
Madhusudan sir

2. Purpose
The purpose of this course is to explore the topics of kinematics and dynamics of machinery in respect to the synthesis of mechanisms in order to accomplish desired motions or tasks, and also the analysis of mechanisms in order to determine their rigid-body dynamic behavior.
We will begin with careful definitions of the terms used in these topics.

3. Kinematics and Kinetics
The study of motion without regard to forces.
Kinetics
The study of forces on systems in motion.
These two concepts are really not physically separable. One principal aim of kinematics is to create (design) the desired motions of the subject mechanical parts and then mathematically compute the positions, velocities, and accelerations which those motions will create on the parts.

4. Machines and Mechanisms
A mechanism is a device which transforms motion to some desirable pattern and typically develops very low forces and transmits little power.
A machine typically contains mechanisms which are designed to provide significant forces and transmit significant power.

5. Machines and Mechanisms
A useful working definition of a mechanism is A system of elements arranged to transmit
motion in a predetermined fashion.
On the other hand, a machine is A system of elements arranged to transmit motion and energy in a predetermined fashion.
Some of the examples of mechanisms and machines are:

6. Mechanisms
Can crusher
Simple press

7. Mechanisms Moves packages from an assembly bench to a conveyor
Microwave carrier to assist people on wheelchair
Rear-window wiper

8. Mechanisms Front loader Lift platform
Device to close the top flap of boxes

9. Mechanisms Rowing type exercise machine
Conceptual design for an exercise machine

10. Machines
Food Blender
Automatic Transmission

11. Machines
Bulldozer
Spider Robot
Amusement Park Ride

12. Classification of Mechanisms
Based on position occupied in space
Planar Mechanism
Spherical Mechanism
Spatial Mechanism

13. Planar Mechanism Planar Motion – Particles/Points of Members
move in parallel planes
Examples : Planar Four-Bar Mechanism
Slider Crank Mechanism
Cam-Follower Mechanism
Spur/Helical Gear Drives

14. Four-bar Crank Rocker and Coupler Curve14

15. Two Stroke Engine 15

16. Spherical Mechanism Spherical Motion – Points maintain Constant
Distance w.r.t. a Common Centre Point
in any position during motion.
Examples : Universal Joint
Bevel Gear Drive
Spherical Four-Bar Mechanism

18. Spatial Mechanism Spatial Motion – Points can occupy any
Position in space
Examples : Spatial Four-Bar Mechanism
Worm Gear Drive
Serial Manipulators

20. Kinematic Pairs / Joints
Combination of two links kept in permanent contact permitting particular kind(s) of relative motion(s) between them

21. Classification of Pairs
BASED ON NATURE OF CONTACT BETWEEN LINKS:
1. Lower Pairs -- Surface Contact
2. Higher Pairs – Point or Line Contact

22. BASED ON HOW THE CONTACT IS MAINTAINED:
1. Self / Form Closed Pairs – Shape/Form of the links maintain the contact. No external force.
2. Force Closed Pairs – External forces like gravitational force, spring force etc., required to maintain the contact.

23. BASED ON THE DEGREE OF FREEDOM
1. Type I / Class I – One D.O.F
2. Type II / Class II – Two D.O.F
3. Type III / Class III – Three D.O.F
4. Type IV / Class IV – Four D.O.F
5. Type V / Class V – Five D.O.F
BASED ON THE NATURE OF CONSTRAINT
1. (Completely) Constrained Pair - 1 D.O.F
2. Unconstrained Pair – More than 1 D.O.F
3. Successfully Constrained pair – Unconstrained
pair converted as Constrained pair by some
means.

24. Completely Constrained Pair
Successfully
Unconstrained Pair Constrained Pair

25. BASED ON THE POSSIBLE MOTIONS (Few Important Types only)
Name of Pair Letter Symbol D.O.F
1. Revolute / Turning Pair R
2. Prismatic / Sliding Pair P
3. Helical / Screw Pair H
4. Cylindrical Pair C
5. Spherical / Globular Pair S (or) G
6. Flat / Planar Pair E
7. Cylindric Plane Pair Cp
8. Spheric Plane Pair Sp

28. Kinematic Chain
Assembly of links and pairs to produce required / specified output motion(s) for given input motion(s)

29. Thank You