1. Ancient Egypt

2. Geography Located along the Nile River.
Provided silt and irrigation for farming.
Mediterranean and Red Seas were natural barriers to invasion.

3. Social Patterns Pharaohs ruled the kingdom with absolute power.
Nobles ruled under pharaohs
Slavery was accepted (Hebrews)

4. Political Patterns Egypt is a kingdom ruled by Pharaohs (God-Kings)
Theocracy: government based on religious authority
Separated into two distinct regions.
Regions were unified by King Menes during the Old Kingdom.

5. Economic Patterns Slavery accepted
Farming and trading based around the Nile River.

6. Scientific Advancements
Advanced basin irrigation.
Bronze and iron tools.
Advanced calendar (12 month, 365 days).
Advanced medical practices.

7. Language Development Hieroglyphics
Pictograms – pictures representing sounds.

8. Religious Traditions Polytheistic – many different Gods.
Ra, Osiris, Isis, Horus, Set, Anubis, Amon, Thoth, Mut, Hathor.
Strong belief in the afterlife
Pharaohs buried in pyramids and mummified.