1. 3.4.1 Review
Urinary System

2. Urinary System Kidney Ureter Bladder Urethra Also notice….. Renal Vein
Renal Artery

3. Functions of the Urinary System & Kidneys
Elimination of waste products
Nitrogenous wastes
Toxins
Drugs
Regulate aspects of homeostasis
Water balance
Electrolytes
Acid-base balance in the blood
Blood pressure—release hormones to control BP
Hormones produced regulates Red blood cell production
Activation of vitamin D

4. Kidneys
Bean- Shaped
Near the middle of the back, just below the rib cage, one on each side of the spine.
The right kidney is slightly lower than the left
Attached to ureters, renal blood vessels, and nerves at renal hilus
Function-see previous slide

5. Ureters Slender tubes attaching the kidney to the bladder
Continuous with the renal pelvis
Enter the posterior aspect of the bladder
Peristalsis aids gravity in urine transport
Transports urine from kidneys to bladder

6. The Bladder Function: Temporarily stores urine
Made of transitional epithelium
Multiple layers of tissue
Cuboidal in shape when bladder is empty
Stretched and flattened with bladder is full.

9. Urethra
Thin-walled tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body by peristalsis
Release of urine is controlled by two sphincters
Internal urethral sphincter (involuntary)
External urethral sphincter (voluntary)
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

10. Urethra Gender Differences
Length
Females – 3–4 cm (1 inch)
Males – 20 cm (8 inches)
Location
Females – along wall of the vagina
Males – through the prostate and penis
Function
Females – only carries urine
Males – carries urine and is a passageway for sperm cells
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

12. A B C D