1. Inguinal, umbilical, femoral hernia, hernia of linea alba, postoperative hernia

2. Researching history of inguinal hernia
First information about hernia was founded in papyruses of ancient Egypt, dated at 1500 years b.c. First anatomic researches of inguinal area was performed by Halenus (II century a.d.) Celsus was the first, used word “hernios” for meaning of hernia (25 b.c. ). Exactly Celsus was the first, who treated hernias surgically.

3. Klaudius Halenus

4. the first exactly describing of inguinal hernia was done by Guy de Chauliac in Historic break in gerniology is connected with the name of Italian surgeon Bassini, founded union conception in surgical treatment of inguinal hernia. He performed his first operation in He separated out 3 more important stages in his report in 1887.

5. Francesco Graziani Constance Nantieur-Didieur Aquille de Bassini.

6. In 1959 F.Usher for the first time used a synthetic material – polypropylene – to support back wall of inguinal ring. In 1982 R.Ger for the first time was performed laparoscopic hernioplastic.

7. Plastic of inguinal canal with using synthetic prothesis (Lichtenstein operation)

8. Researching history of femoral hernia
First information about hernia was founded in papyruses of ancient Egypt, dated at 1500 years b.c.
Celsus was the first, used word “hernios” for meaning of hernia (25 b.c. ).
Exactly Celsus was the first, who treated hernias surgically.

9. Ancient method of reducing of hernia

10. Preventing of hernia in ancient time

11. Researching history of umbilical hernia
First information about hernia was founded in papyruses of ancient Egypt, dated at 1500 years b.c.
Celsus was the first, used word “hernios” for meaning of hernia (25 b.c. ).
Exactly Celsus was the first, who treated hernias surgically.

12. Avl Cornelius Celsus

13. In 1891 L.Tait offered laparotomic approach for the treatment of umbilical hernia.

14. Researching history of hernia of white line of abdomen
First information about hernia was founded in papyruses of ancient Egypt, dated at 1500 years b.c.
Celsus was the first, used word “hernios” for meaning of hernia (25 b.c. ).
Exactly Celsus was the first, who treated hernias surgically.

15. Topography of the inguinal triangle
Aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle
Spermatic cord
Internal oblique muscle
Transverse muscle

16. Inside view of the bottom of the anterior abdominal wall
1 — m. rectus abdominis; 2 — lig. interfoveolare; 3 — anulus inguinalis profundus; 4 — lig. inguinale; 5 — a. et v. epigastrica inferior; 8 — a. et v. iliaca externa; 10 — n. obturatorius; 13 — ductus deferens; 14 — vesica urinaria;

17. Oblique inguinal hernia

18. Direct inguinal hernia

19. Presentation of obliqual inguinal hernias by Krimov A.P.
In the canal
beginning
Hernia of funicullus spermaticus
Inguinal - scrotal

20. Presentation of direct inguinal hernias by Kukudzhanov N.I.
innitial
interstitional
Inguinal - scrotal

21. Congenital and acquired inguinal hernia
Hernial sac
ovary

22. Distinctive features of congenital and acquired inguinal hernias
Congenital inguinal hernia
Is more common in young
More common in older
Often one-sided
Often both sided
Descends into the scrotum
Rarely falls into the scrotum
Pear-shaped
Round shape
Cough symptom is determined from the outside of the internal inguinal ring
Symptom cough shock is determined by the opposite internal inguinal ring
Hernial sac is located outside of the spermatic cord
Hernial sac is located inside of the spermatic cord

23. Incision for inguinal hernias

24. Plastic of the front wall of the inguinal canal
(Girard way)

25. Plastic of the front wall of the inguinal canal (Spasukukockiy method)

26. Plastic of the front wall of the inguinal canal
(Girard-Spasukukocky method with seams Kimborovsky)

27. Plastic of the rear wall of the inguinal canal Bassini method

28. A method for performing operations in congenital inguinal hernias

29. Topography of the femoral triangle

30. Type of femoral hernia

31. Operational methods for femoral hernias
Operations through the inguinal access
Method of Rudzhi
Method of Rudzhi-Parlavechio
Method of Reich
Method of Praksin
Operations through the femoral access
Method of Lockwood
Method of Lockwood-Bassini
Method of Lockwood-Krymov
Method of Abrazhanov

32. Incisions for the femoral hernias

33. Rudgy’s method

34. Reith’s method

35. Praksin’s method

36. Method of Lockwood

37. Method of Lockwood-Bassini

38. Method of Abrajanov

39. Surgical anatomy of umbilical hernias
1 — skin; 2 — subcutaneous fat; 3 — the contents of the hernia; 4 — m. rectus abdominis; 5 — fascia transversalis; 6 — peritoneum; 7 — hernial sac

40. Incisions for the umbilical hernias
1- Sapezhko’s method
2- Mayo’s method
3- Lexer ‘s method

41. Plastic by Lexer

42. Plastic by Sapezhko

43. Plastic by Mayo

44. Development of the hernia of the white line of abdomen
1 – preperitoneal lipoma
2 – beginning the swelling of the peritoneum
3 – formed hernial sac

45. Plastic of the abdominal wall by Voznesensky

46. Plastic of the abdominal wall by Shampioner

47. Duties of the general practitioner in hernias
- Provision of primary health and social care;
- Health education (promoting healthy lifestyles);
- Preventive work (timely detection of early and latent forms of the disease, risk groups);
- Dynamic monitoring;
- Emergency assistance in case of emergency and acute conditions;
- Timely consultation and hospitalization in the prescribed manner;
- Medical and rehabilitation work in accordance with the qualifying characteristic;
- An examination of temporary disability;
- The organization of medical and social care and household together with the bodies of social protection and services of mercy alone, the elderly, the disabled, the chronically ill;
- Maintaining the approved forms of records and reports.