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Early lung malformations in congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Edwin C. Jesudason, M.Gwen Connell, David G. Fernig, David A. Lloyd, Paul D. Losty Journal of Pediatric Surgery Volume 35, Issue 1, Pages (January 2000) DOI: /S (00) Copyright © 2000 W.B. Saunders Company Terms and Conditions
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Fig. 1 Photomicrographs of whole unsectioned lung primordia before diaphragmatic hernia at day 13.5 in vivo. All specimens are at the same magnification: scale bar = 250 μm; t, trachea; b, terminal bud. (a) Nitrofen-exposed lung rudiments with reduced lobar bronchi (36% of exposed embryos). (b) Nitrofen-exposed lung rudiments with normal bronchial anatomy (64% of exposed embryos). (c) Normal control lung rudiments. Journal of Pediatric Surgery , DOI: ( /S (00) ) Copyright © 2000 W.B. Saunders Company Terms and Conditions
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Fig. 2 Frequency distribution of in vivo terminal bud count in 300 lung primordia examined at day 13.5 of gestation before diaphragmatic hernia. Normal lung primordia, shown in white (n = 130), have 6 or more terminal buds at this stage (see Fig 1c). The majority of nitrofen-exposed lung primordia, shown in black (n = 170), also have 6 or more terminal buds at this stage (see Fig 1b). However, 36% of nitrofen-exposed lung primordia already have reduced terminal bud counts (<6 terminal buds: see Fig 1a). Journal of Pediatric Surgery , DOI: ( /S (00) ) Copyright © 2000 W.B. Saunders Company Terms and Conditions
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Fig. 3 Photomicrographs of whole unsectioned lung primordia in organ culture. Shown on the left of the figure is the longitudinal development of a nitrofen-exposed lung rudiment at 30, 54, and 78 hours in culture. For comparison, the development of a normal lung rudiment is shown on the right at the same timepoints in vitro. All specimens are at the same magnification: scale bar = 400 μ. The trachea is seen superiorly in each case. Journal of Pediatric Surgery , DOI: ( /S (00) ) Copyright © 2000 W.B. Saunders Company Terms and Conditions
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Fig. 4 Longitudinal morphological development of lung primordia in vitro: epithelial area (A), perimeter (B), and terminal bud count (C) against time in organ culture. Nonparametric data for area, perimeter, and bud count are displayed as medians (horizontal lines through each box) and interquartile ranges (boxes). Normal control lungs, white; nitrofen-exposed lungs, black; n, number of specimens examined in each experimental group at each time-point in culture. (*)P <.05 for nitrofen-exposed lungs versus normal controls at the same timepoint in vitro (see Results for exact values). Journal of Pediatric Surgery , DOI: ( /S (00) ) Copyright © 2000 W.B. Saunders Company Terms and Conditions
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