1. Chapter 1 Cardio-Pulmonary and Vascular Diseases
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2. Instructions
The following unit contains individual case studies which are based on the information learned in the pathophysiology review.
Evaluate each case, review the signs and symptoms and determine the diagnosis of the disease from the provided options.
Once you have determined the diagnosis, proceed to the next slide to receive the answer with the rationale.
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3. Question 1 of 12
An 8 year old black/male states he has had a sudden onset of difficulty breathing and coughing after running a mile around the track in physical education class. The patient also states he feels tightness in his chest. He is alert and oriented to person, place and time. His skin is warm and moist.
Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Lung sounds demonstrate expiratory wheezing in all fields. The abdomen is soft and non-tender; he moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength. The patient does not know his medical history.
His Blood pressure was 116/68, pulse 102 and regular, respirations 28 and slightly labored. His blood sugar is 102 mg/dl. Oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter is 93%.
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Answer

4. Question 1 of 12
An 8 year old black/male states he has had a sudden onset of difficulty breathing and coughing after running a mile around the track in physical education class. The patient also states he feels tightness in his chest. He is alert and oriented to person, place and time. His skin is warm and moist.
Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Lung sounds demonstrate expiratory wheezing in all fields. The abdomen is soft and non-tender; he moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength. The patient does not know his medical history.
His Blood pressure was 116/68, pulse 102 and regular, respirations 28 and slightly labored. His blood sugar is 102 mg/dl. Oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter is 93%.
Severe shortness of breath (dyspnea)
chest tightness or pain
coughing
wheezing
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Key Indicators
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5. Question 2 of 12
A 55 year old white/female has noticed that she has had increasing swelling in her arms and legs over the last several weeks. She states that the swelling in her legs gets much worse throughout the day. She has also noticed that her neck veins look distended and she has been gaining weight.
On examination the patient is alert and oriented to person, place and time. Her skin is pink, warm and dry. Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Lung sounds are clear in all fields. The abdomen is soft and non-tender; she moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength. Extensive pitting edema is noted in both her legs, arms and sacrum.
The patient has a history of hypertension, angina and has just recently been discharged from the hospital after suffering a mild heart attack. Her Blood pressure was 188/96, pulse 88 and irregular, respirations 20. Her blood sugar is 122 mg/dl. Oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter is 96%
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Answer

6. Question 2 of 12
A 55 year old white/female has noticed that she has had increasing swelling in her arms and legs over the last several weeks. She states that the swelling in her legs gets much worse throughout the day. She has also noticed that her neck veins look distended and she has been gaining weight.
On examination the patient is alert and oriented to person, place and time. Her skin is pink, warm and dry. Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Lung sounds are clear in all fields. The abdomen is soft and non-tender; she moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength. Extensive pitting edema is noted in both her legs, arms and sacrum.
The patient has a history of hypertension, angina and has just recently been discharged from the hospital after suffering a mild heart attack. Her Blood pressure was 188/96, pulse 88 and irregular, respirations 20. Her blood sugar is 122 mg/dl. Oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter is 96%
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Swelling (edema) legs, arms and sacrum
Pronounced neck veins
Abnormal heart beat
Weight gain
Key Indicators
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7. Question 3 of 12
A 55 year old black/male states he has had a sudden onset of a severe, sharp, tearing pain in the chest, radiating to the middle of the back between the shoulder blades. The patient also states he has some shortness of breath and a cough. The patient also noted that he has difficulty swallowing.
He is alert and oriented to person, place and time. His skin is pale, cool and he is sweating excessively. Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Lung sounds are clear in all fields. The abdomen is soft and non-tender; he moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength.
The patient has a history of hypertension which he has difficulty controlling with medication. His Blood pressure was 90/48, pulse 136 and thready, respirations 28 and slightly labored. His blood sugar is 102 mg/dl. Oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter is 97%.
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Answer

8. Question 3 of 12
A 55 year old black/male states he has had a sudden onset of a severe, sharp, tearing pain in the chest, radiating to the middle of the back between the shoulder blades. The patient also states he has some shortness of breath and a cough. The patient also noted that he has difficulty swallowing.
He is alert and oriented to person, place and time. His skin is pale, cool and he is sweating excessively. Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Lung sounds are clear in all fields. The abdomen is soft and non-tender; he moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength.
The patient has a history of hypertension which he has difficulty controlling with medication. His Blood pressure was 90/48, pulse 136 and thready, respirations 28 and slightly labored. His blood sugar is 102 mg/dl. Oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter is 97%.
Severe, sharp, tearing pain in the chest
Radiating to the middle of the back between the shoulder blades
Shortness of breath,
Cough
Difficulty swallowing
Key Indicators
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
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9. Question 4 of 12
A 77 year old black/female awoke in the middle of the night with severe, sharp chest pain and difficulty breathing. The patient resides in a nursing home where she spends most of her time in bed due to severe arthritis. She states the shortness of breath and chest pain is worse when the staff tries to walk her to the bathroom and the chest pain increases when she coughs.
The patient states she feels very tired and is coughing up blood streaked sputum. On examination the patient is alert and oriented to person, place and time. Her skin is pale, cool and she is sweating profusely. Pupils are equal and reactive to light. The lung sounds are clear in all fields.
The abdomen is soft and non-tender; she moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength. The patient has a history of atrial fibrillation and hypertension which is controlled by medication. Her Blood pressure was 112/64, pulse 88 and irregular, respirations 32 and labored. Her blood sugar is 132 mg/dl. Oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter is 86%
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Answer

10. Question 4 of 12
A 77 year old black/female awoke in the middle of the night with severe, sharp chest pain and difficulty breathing. The patient resides in a nursing home where she spends most of her time in bed due to severe arthritis. She states the shortness of breath and chest pain is worse when the staff tries to walk her to the bathroom and the chest pain increases when she coughs.
The patient states she feels very tired and is coughing up blood streaked sputum. On examination the patient is alert and oriented to person, place and time. Her skin is pale, cool and she is sweating profusely. Pupils are equal and reactive to light. The lung sounds are clear in all fields.
The abdomen is soft and non-tender; she moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength. The patient has a history of atrial fibrillation and hypertension which is controlled by medication. Her Blood pressure was 112/64, pulse 88 and irregular, respirations 32 and labored. Her blood sugar is 132 mg/dl. Oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter is 86%
Sudden onset of sharp chest pain, worse with deep inhalation
Chest pain gets worse with exertion
Cough that produces bloody sputum
Difficulty breathing (dyspnea)
Abnormal oxygen levels by pulse oximetry but with clear lung sounds
Cool, clammy skin
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Key Indicators
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11. Question 5 of 12
A 57 year old white/male was mowing his yard when he had a sudden onset of mid-sternal chest pain. The patient stated the pain was dull and radiated to his left arm and back. The patient also stated that when he sat down and rested for ten minutes the pain slowly went away.
On examination the patient is alert and oriented to person, place and time. His skin is pink, warm and dry. Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Lung sounds are clear in all fields. The abdomen is soft and non-tender; he moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength.
The patient has a history of hypertension which is controlled by medication. His Blood pressure was 156/88, pulse 87 and regular, respirations 20. His blood sugar is 112 mg/dl. Oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter is 95%.
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Answer

12. Question 5 of 12
A 57 year old white/male was mowing his yard when he had a sudden onset of mid-sternal chest pain. The patient stated the pain was dull and radiated to his left arm and back. The patient also stated that when he sat down and rested for ten minutes the pain slowly went away.
On examination the patient is alert and oriented to person, place and time. His skin is pink, warm and dry. Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Lung sounds are clear in all fields. The abdomen is soft and non-tender; he moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength.
The patient has a history of hypertension which is controlled by medication. His Blood pressure was 156/88, pulse 87 and regular, respirations 20. His blood sugar is 112 mg/dl. Oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter is 95%.
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Onset of pain during physical exertion or stress
Mid-sternal dull chest pain that spreads to the arms and back
Pain is relieved by rest
Key Indicators
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13. Question 6 of 12
A 45 year old white/female states she has periods of mild shortness of breath
and chest discomfort on and off for the last several years. She has a consistent productive cough of green colored sputum. Lately she states that the symptoms are much worse than usual.
The patient complains of chills and general fatigue. She is alert and oriented to person, place and time. Her skin is pink, hot and dry. Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Lung sounds demonstrate bi-lateral rhonchi in the upper lobes. The abdomen is soft and non-tender; she moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength.
The patient has a history of hypertension controlled by medication and has been a “one pack a day smoker” for the last 29 years. Her Blood pressure was 134/74, pulse 86 and regular, respirations 24 and slightly labored. Her blood sugar is 121 mg/dl. Oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter is 95%. Oral temperature is 100.3
degree Fahrenheit.
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Answer

14. Question 6 of 12
A 45 year old white/female states she has periods of mild shortness of breath
and chest discomfort on and off for the last several years. She has a consistent productive cough of green colored sputum. Lately she states that the symptoms are much worse than usual.
The patient complains of chills and general fatigue. She is alert and oriented to person, place and time. Her skin is pink, hot and dry. Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Lung sounds demonstrate bi-lateral rhonchi in the upper lobes. The abdomen is soft and non-tender; she moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength.
The patient has a history of hypertension controlled by medication and has been a “one pack a day smoker” for the last 29 years. Her Blood pressure was 134/74, pulse 86 and regular, respirations 24 and slightly labored. Her blood sugar is 121 mg/dl. Oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter is 95%. Oral temperature is 100.3
degree Fahrenheit.
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Cough with green colored sputum
Slight fever, chills and fatigue
Shortness of breath
Chest discomfort
Mucous (rhonchi) in upper lobes
Key Indicators
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15. Question 7 of 12
A 32 year old black/male states he has had a sudden onset of chest pain which started after he finished working out with weights in the gym. The patient states the pain is sharp and increases on deep inspiration and when you palpate his chest.
The patient is alert and oriented to person, place and time.
His skin is warm and dry. Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Lung sounds are clear in all fields. The abdomen is soft and non-tender; he moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength.
The patient has no medical history. His Blood pressure was 126/78, pulse 66 and regular, respirations 20. His blood sugar is 102 mg/dl. Oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter is 99%.
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Answer

16. Question 7 of 12
A 32 year old black/male states he has had a sudden onset of chest pain which started after he finished working out with weights in the gym. The patient states the pain is sharp and increases on deep inspiration and when you palpate his chest.
The patient is alert and oriented to person, place and time.
His skin is warm and dry. Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Lung sounds are clear in all fields. The abdomen is soft and non-tender; he moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength.
The patient has no medical history. His Blood pressure was 126/78, pulse 66 and regular, respirations 20. His blood sugar is 102 mg/dl. Oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter is 99%.
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Sudden onset of pain
Sharp pain
Pain that increases on palpation and inspiration
Key Indicators
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17. Question 8 of 12
A 78 year old white/male states he has had periods of shortness of breath on and off for years and that his difficulty breathing is worse today than it is normally. He states that he becomes extremely short of breath and experiences chest tightness if he has to walk any distance.
Frequently he has to sit down and rest and he has a consistent productive cough. The patient is alert and oriented to person, place and time. His skin is pink, warm and dry. Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Lung sounds demonstrate barely audible wheezing on expiration. The abdomen is soft and non-tender; he moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength.
The patient has a history hypertension and has been a “two pack a day smoker’ for sixty years. His Blood pressure was 186/78, pulse 96 and regular, respirations 28 and slightly labored. His blood sugar is 131 mg/dl. Oxygen
saturation by pulse oximeter is 91%.
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Answer

18. Question 8 of 12
A 78 year old white/male states he has had periods of shortness of breath on and off for years and that his difficulty breathing is worse today than it is normally. He states that he becomes extremely short of breath and experiences chest tightness if he has to walk any distance.
Frequently he has to sit down and rest and he has a consistent productive cough. The patient is alert and oriented to person, place and time. His skin is pink, warm and dry. Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Lung sounds demonstrate barely audible wheezing on expiration. The abdomen is soft and non-tender; he moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength.
The patient has a history hypertension and has been a “two pack a day smoker’ for sixty years. His Blood pressure was 186/78, pulse 96 and regular, respirations 28 and slightly labored. His blood sugar is 131 mg/dl. Oxygen
saturation by pulse oximeter is 91%.
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Shortness of breath increasing on exertion
Productive cough with wheezing
Chest tightness
Continuous abnormal pulse oximetry on room air %
Key Indicators
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19. Question 9 of 12
A 35 year old Hispanic/female states she has had gradual onset of mild shortness of breath and chest discomfort for about a week. She states the difficulty breathing is worse when she exerts herself and the sharp chest pain is worse when she coughs. The patient stated the symptoms started several days after she had gotten a severe upper respiratory tract infection.
She has a consistent productive cough. The patient complains of chills and general fatigue. She is alert and oriented to person, place and time. Her skin is pink, hot and dry. Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Lung sounds demonstrate rhonchi and rales in all lung fields. The abdomen is soft and non-tender; she moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength.
The patient has no medical history. Her Blood pressure was 134/74, pulse 88 and regular, respirations 28 and slightly labored. Her blood sugar is 121 mg/dl. Oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter is 95%. Oral temperature is degrees.
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Answer

20. Question 9 of 12
A 35 year old Hispanic/female states she has had gradual onset of mild shortness of breath and chest discomfort for about a week. She states the difficulty breathing is worse when she exerts herself and the sharp chest pain is worse when she coughs. The patient stated the symptoms started several days after she had gotten a severe upper respiratory tract infection.
She has a consistent productive cough. The patient complains of chills and general fatigue. She is alert and oriented to person, place and time. Her skin is pink, hot and dry. Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Lung sounds demonstrate rhonchi and rales in all lung fields. The abdomen is soft and non-tender; she moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength.
The patient has no medical history. Her Blood pressure was 134/74, pulse 88 and regular, respirations 28 and slightly labored. Her blood sugar is 121 mg/dl. Oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter is 95%. Oral temperature is degrees.
Gradual onset of symptoms, preceded by an upper respiratory tract infection
Fever, fatigue, sweating and chills
Sharp chest pain which increases on coughing
Cough, shortness of breath (dyspnea) on exertion
Abnormal lung sounds – crackles/rales and rhonchi
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
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21. Question 10 of 12
A 66 year old black/male was watching television when he had a sudden onset of mid-sternal chest pain. The patient stated the pain is dull and is radiating to his left arm and jaw. He also complains of nausea, slight difficulty breathing and feeling generally weak.
The patient states that he is “worried he is going to die”. On examination he is alert and oriented to person, place and time. His skin is cool and clammy and he is sweating profusely. Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Lung sounds are clear in all fields. The abdomen is soft and non-tender; he moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength.
The patient has a history of hypertension. His Blood pressure was 138/78, pulse 88 and regular, respirations 28. His blood sugar is 122 mg/dl. Oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter is 95%.
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Answer

22. Question 10 of 12
A 66 year old black/male was watching television when he had a sudden onset of mid-sternal chest pain. The patient stated the pain is dull and is radiating to his left arm and jaw. He also complains of nausea, slight difficulty breathing and feeling generally weak.
The patient states that he is “worried he is going to die”. On examination he is alert and oriented to person, place and time. His skin is cool and clammy and he is sweating profusely. Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Lung sounds are clear in all fields. The abdomen is soft and non-tender; he moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength.
The patient has a history of hypertension. His Blood pressure was 138/78, pulse 88 and regular, respirations 28. His blood sugar is 122 mg/dl. Oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter is 95%.
Dull pain, in the middle of the chest
Pain radiation to the jaw and arm
Nausea, shortness of breath
Cool, clammy skin, profuse sweating (diaphoresis)
General malaise (vague feeling of illness)
Feeling of “impending doom”
Key Indicators
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Next

23. Question 11 of 12
A 65 year old white/male has noticed a sudden onset of pain, swelling, redness and tenderness in his left calf. The patient had just recently finished a long drive from California to Florida the day before. On examination the patient is alert and oriented to person, place and time. His skin is pink, warm and dry.
Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Lung sounds are clear in all fields. The abdomen is soft and non-tender; he moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength. The patient has a history of hypertension which is controlled by medication.
His Blood pressure was 158/76, pulse 66 and irregular, respirations 20. His blood sugar is 102 mg/dl. Oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter is 96%.
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Answer

24. Question 11 of 12
A 65 year old white/male has noticed a sudden onset of pain, swelling, redness and tenderness in his left calf. The patient had just recently finished a long drive from California to Florida the day before. On examination the patient is alert and oriented to person, place and time. His skin is pink, warm and dry.
Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Lung sounds are clear in all fields. The abdomen is soft and non-tender; he moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength. The patient has a history of hypertension which is controlled by medication.
His Blood pressure was 158/76, pulse 66 and irregular, respirations 20. His blood sugar is 102 mg/dl. Oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter is 96%.
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Pain in calf, sudden onset
Swelling in the calf
Redness of the leg
Key Indicators
Next

25. Question 12 of 12
An 87 year old white/male was sleeping when he was awoken in the middle of the night with severe difficulty breathing. He states the shortness of breath is worse when he lies down and if he tries to walk to the couch or bathroom. The patient states he feels very tired and is coughing up pink, frothy sputum.
On examination the patient is alert and oriented to person, place and time. His skin is pale, cool and he is sweating profusely. Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Crackles can be heard in all fields when listening to his lung sounds. The abdomen is soft and non-tender; he moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength.
The patient has a history of hypertension which is controlled by medication. His Blood pressure was 102/55, pulse 96 and regular, respirations 32 and labored. His blood sugar is 132 mg/dl. Oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter is
88%
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Answer

26. Question 12 of 12
An 87 year old white/male was sleeping when he was awoken in the middle of the night with severe difficulty breathing. He states the shortness of breath is worse when he lies down and if he tries to walk to the couch or bathroom. The patient states he feels very tired and is coughing up pink, frothy sputum.
On examination the patient is alert and oriented to person, place and time. His skin is pale, cool and he is sweating profusely. Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Crackles can be heard in all fields when listening to his lung sounds. The abdomen is soft and non-tender; he moves all extremities with equal range of motion and strength.
The patient has a history of hypertension which is controlled by medication. His Blood pressure was 102/55, pulse 96 and regular, respirations 32 and labored. His blood sugar is 132 mg/dl. Oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter is
88%
Difficulty breathing (dyspnea), while lying down (orthopnea), when exerting himself (exertional dyspnea)
Waking from sleep unable to breath (paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea)
Abnormal lung sounds - fluid in the lungs (crackles/rales) usually in both bases when sitting up or standing
Coughing up pink, frothy sputum
Severe fatigue
a. Angina Pectoris g. Left Sided Congestive Heart Failure
b. Aortic Aneurysm h. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) c. Asthma i. Non-Cardiac Chest Pain
d. Chronic Bronchitis j. Pneumonia
e. Deep Vein Thrombosis k. Pulmonary Embolus
f. Emphysema l. Right Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Answer

27. Proceed to the next unit
COMPLETE UNIT 1
Proceed to the next unit