1. Police Derived from the word politia
Originated form the Greek word politeia which means government, citizenship or the entire activity of the polis-city
Means the internal organization of a community or state through the exercise of the constitutional power of the government.
The power of the government which concerns with the maintenance of tranquility, public order, peace, security, of persons and property, and the protection of public health and morale.

2. Refers to exclusively that body of armed men which as an institution, is capable of exercising its duties by armed physical forces in the prevention and detection of crime and execution of laws.

3. Early history Headman Male of the tribes as guardians Able-bodied men
Watchmen
Chief of the tribe
Ruler
Judge
Lawmaker

4. Development of town and city governments called for the creation and organization of a special body of men with no other duty than the enforcement of the laws within the city or town units.
Distinction from army function

5. Spanish Colonization
Policemen in appearance but colonial soldiers in the ultimate sense
Maintenance of peace and order as part of military system for the defense of the colony
Locally organized police force, although performing civil duties and seemingly created for the sole purpose of maintaining internal peace were in fact potential soldiers in the guise and garb of policemen

6. Carabineros de Seguridad Publica
Organized in 1712
Purpose of carrying out the regulations of the department of State
1781- became custodians of tobacco monopoly
By Royal Decree of December 20, 1842
Cuerpo De Carabineros de Seguridad Publica
Duties became police-like and more general
Prosecution of law breakers and criminals, maintenance of peace, order and security
Vigilance of the execution of law and ordinance of government

7. Guardilleros Rural Police
Established by Royal Decree of January 8, 1836
5% of able-bodied male inhabitants of each province were to enlist in the police organization for 3 years tour of duty
Province generally maintained up to 80
Depending on local man power and probability and proximity of danger arising from Moro pirates

8. Maintain public security and order in town
To patrol
To guard dark and unsafe places
To guard the Tribunal or Municipal building and prison houses
To conduct prisoners
To carry mails
Other duties

9. Guardia Civil
Policeman in appearance but colonial soldiers in the ultimate sense
Created by Royal Decree issued by the crown on February 12, 1852
To partially relieve the Spanish Peninsula Troops of their work in policing towns
Consisted of a body of Filipino policemen organized originally in each Provincial Capitals of the Central Province of Luzon under the Governor or Alacalde
Semi-military institution armed as the Spanish Infantry

10. American Colonization
Transfer of government control from military to civil authorities

11. Insular Police Force
Recommended by the Commission on November 20, 1900
Act No. 175 on July 18, 1901 entitled “An Act Providing for the Organization and Government of an Insular Constabulary”
Philippine Constabulary
Section 1 under Act no. 225 on October 2, 1901
National police institution for preserving the peace, keeping order and enforcing the law

12. Reformation and Professionalization
September 8, 1966
RA 4864
Police Act of 1966
Act served as the legal guidepost in initiating and undertaking, at national level, much needed reforms that resulted to a considerable improvement in police performance and efficiency
National Police Commission (NAPOLCOM)‏

13. Integrated National Police (INP)‏
During Martial Law Regime, Section 12, Article XV of 1973 Constitution provides that the state shall establish and maintain an Integrated National Police whose organization, administration and operation shall be provided by law

14. Organizational Set-Up
Mandated under Section 1 Presidential Decree 765 dated August 8, 1975 state that, “There is hereby established and constituted the Integrated National Police which shall be composed of the Philippine Constabulary (PC) as the nucleus, and the integrated police forces as established by PD 421, 531, 482,585, and 641 as components under the Department of National Defense.”

15. Integrated National Police (INP)‏
Philippine Constabulary (PC) as the nucleus
Integrated Police Forces as components
Under the Department of National Defense

16. Major branch of service of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP)‏
Director General
Head of INP
Chief of PC
Major branch of service of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP)‏

17. National Police Commission
Training of policemen
Establishment of the police integrated communication system
Grant of police salary subsidy

18. Police Activities Prevention of criminality Repression of crime
Apprehending offenders
Recovery of stolen property
Regulation of non-criminal conduct
Performance of related miscellaneous service