1. The Greek Polis: Sparta and Athens

2. The Greek Polis: What is a Polis?
POLIS a Greek city-state.
*What is a city-state?*
ACROPOLIS a citadel on top of a hill.
AGORA town marketplace.
What purpose did the acropolis serve?

3. Sparta
SPARTA a polis in southern Greece with the strongest army of any Greek city-state.

4. Spartan Government ARISTOCRATS nobles.
OLIGARCHY a government where aristocrats rule

5. Spartan Social Classes
Spartans were too concerned with war to be bothered by farming and trading.
The Spartans owned slaves called HELOTS.
farmed the land
were treated poorly
outnumbered Spartans 20 times!
Trading was done by merchants called PERIOECI.
were not citizens of Sparta

6. Spartan Art Statue honoring King Leonidas from the Persian War.
Statue of a Spartan girl playing sports.

7. The Spartan Way of Life Spartan Women: Spartan Men:
Had more freedom than other Greek women
played sports
were educated
taught to fight and hunt
Spartan Men:
were raised to join the military
married when they were 20
couldn’t leave the army until 60
Spartans were so focused on being strong that they inspected babies – if the baby was unhealthy it was left to die.

8. Athens
ATHENS a polis in southern Greece known for it’s government.

9. The Parthenon

10. Athenian Government
DEMOCRACY a government where all citizens can vote.
CONSTITUTION, set of laws/rules for government to follow.

11. The Assembly and Council of 500
Assembly (like our congress)
All men vote at age of 18
pass laws
Council of 500
500 men chosen
make decisions about daily life
A member served for 2 years
could not be elected more than twice.

12. Persia
Orange = Persia Green = Greece
PERSIA was the biggest empire in the world and tried to conquer Greece.
The Persian Wars are wars between Greece and Persia that lasted from 490 to 480 B.C.

13. The Delian League
Pericles was the general of the Athenian navy and ruled over Athens for 30 years.
Delian League, a group of city-states that worked together as allies.
Athens was the head of the league
This group was meant to protect Greece from Persian in the future.

14. The Fall of Athens PELOPONNESIAN WAR a war between Athens and Sparta
Other cities became jealous of Athens's power (Sparta especially!)
PELOPONNESIAN WAR a war between Athens and Sparta
Lasted 30 years – Sparta won!
Athens was left in ruins
MERCENARIES hired soldiers
After the war many Greek men became mercenaries for Persia.

15. The Fall of Greece
Greece was eventually invaded and taken over by Philip II of Macedonia in 338 B.C.E.
After Sparta defeated Athens they ruled over Greece.
Harsh rulers (people didn’t like them!)
Lead to wars between cities