1. How do thought, emotion and behavior arise from an amorphous blob?

2. Functional neuroanatomy
Overview of brain anatomy & systems
Localization/networks
Scale
Major sensorimotor systems
States ‘of mind’
Specific functional systems
Memory & Emotion
Vision & Attention, Language

3. Brain anatomy

4. Approaches to the study of brain function
Animals & humans: anatomy & physiology
Tract tracing; single unit recordings
Patients with focal brain lesions
Behavioral studies & post-mortem anatomy
Structural imaging: In vivo structure/function correlations
Functional neuroimaging

5. Scale in studying the nervous system

6. Localization of function in the nervous system
Phrenology (Gall, early 1800s)
1.The brain is the organ of the mind.
2. The mind is composed of multiple distinct, innate faculties.
3. Because they are distinct, each faculty must have a separate seat or "organ" in the brain.

7. Localization of function in the nervous system: Paul Broca & language

8. Localization of function in the nervous system: Maps and networks

9. Localization of function in the nervous system: Functional networks
5 major brain systems subserving
cognition and behavior
Left perisylvian language network
Parieto-frontal network for spatial attention
Occipitotemporal network for object/face recognition
Medial temporal/limbic network for learning & memory
Prefrontal network for attention & comportment
From Mesulam MM

10. What are we doing with our brains at this moment? (The student’s brain)
Feeling your chair
Squirming (moving)
Watching
Listening
Remembering
Paying attention
Sleeping
Feeling anxious
Feeling hungry
What happens when you ask a question?

11. Somatosensory function

12. Somatosensory function

13. Motor function

14. Motor system

15. Motor system

16. Motor system

17. The Brain is Composed of Discrete Cells: Neurons and Glia

18. The Brain is Composed of Discrete Cells: Neurons and Glia

19. Neurons have specialized processes that support electrochemical transmission

20. Neurons communicate with each other primarily through synapses

21. Glia support and maintain neurons
Protect by surrounding and buffering
Speed transmission by forming myelin sheaths

22. Motor system

23. Motor system

24. Motor system

25. Auditory function

26. Vision

27. Visual system
Visual system
From Waxman.

28. Visual system
Visual system
From Waxman.

29. Visual system
Visual system
From Waxman.

30. Visual system
Visual system
From Waxman.

31. Visual system
Visual system
From Waxman.

32. Visual system
Visual system
From Waxman.

33. Scale in studying the nervous system

34. Learning and memory/Emotion

35. Attention

36. Attention
Mesulam MM, Phil Trans R Soc London, 1999

37. Attention
Mesulam MM, Phil Trans R Soc London, 1999

38. Attention Gitelman DR et al., Ann Neurol 1996;39:174-9
Gitelman DR et al., Brain 1999;122:

39. State vs channel functions
States
Mood
Depression influences activation
Hunger
Sleep
Channels

40. State modulates channel activity: Hunger
LaBar KS et al. Behavioral Neuroscience 2001; April 2001 Vol. 115, No. 2,

41. Sleep/Anatomy

42. Sleep/EEG

43. Sleep/EEG

44. What are we doing with our brains at this moment? (The student’s brain)
Feeling your chair
Squirming (moving)
Watching
Listening
Remembering
Paying attention
Sleeping
Feeling anxious
Feeling hungry
What happens when you ask a question?