1. Tense Markers (Past & Future) Unmarked Subject (3rd Person Pronoun)
CHAPTER 6 - LESSON 3
Tense Markers
(Past & Future)
Unmarked Subject
(3rd Person Pronoun)
© 2017 All Rights Reserved Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma School of Choctaw Language

2. Past Tense Marker Tuk
The past tense marker tuk is written at the end of a Choctaw sentence when making a statement; and when asking a question, it will be written before the question marker o. The translation will be written in past tense.
© 2017 All Rights Reserved Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma School of Choctaw Language

3. Sentence with the Past Tense Marker Tuk
(3) (2) (1)
Nipi äpa li tuk.
I ate meat.
© 2017 All Rights Reserved Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma School of Choctaw Language

4. Nipi ish äpa tuk o? Did you eat meat?
(3) (1) (2)
Nipi ish äpa tuk o?
Did you eat meat?
© 2017 All Rights Reserved Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma School of Choctaw Language

5. Future Tense Marker Achi
If the preceding word ends in the vowels (a, i, o), then that letter will be dropped and the letter "a" in the word "achi" will be moved over in its place to complete the future tense marker, and "chi" will stand alone.
© 2017 All Rights Reserved Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma School of Choctaw Language

6. Phrases with the Future Tense Marker Rule Applied
will sleep nusi achi nusa chi
will sit bininli achi bininla chi
will cook hoponi achi hopona chi
© 2017 All Rights Reserved Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma School of Choctaw Language

7. Sentence with the Future Tense Marker Achi
(2) (3) (1)
Ish hopona chi ho?
Will you cook?
© 2017 All Rights Reserved Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma School of Choctaw Language

8. Unmarked Subject (3rd Person Pronoun)
If a sentence does not name a subject then the sentence will be translated as he, she, or it.
© 2017 All Rights Reserved Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma School of Choctaw Language

9. Sentence with an Unmarked Subject
(2) (1)
Holisso apisa ia tuk.
She went to school.
© 2017 All Rights Reserved Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma School of Choctaw Language

10. Sentence with an Unmarked Subject
(2) (1)
Bok ia tuk.
He went to the river.
© 2017 All Rights Reserved Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma School of Choctaw Language

11. Sentence with an Unmarked Subject and the Future Tense Marker Achi
(3) (2) (1)
Holisso apisa ia chi.
(He) will go to school.
© 2017 All Rights Reserved Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma School of Choctaw Language

12. Continue practicing your speaking skills as you write and translate sentences. This concludes Choctaw I, Chapter 6 lesson 3. Yakoke
© 2017 All Rights Reserved Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma School of Choctaw Language