1. FORESTS AND WOOD PRODUCTS

2. OBJECTIVE 1: Describe what a forest is and why forests are important to the environment.
Forest - a community of trees, plants, and animals that live together and benefit from each other.
Forests are beneficial to the environment in many ways.
A. Trees play a role in recycling nutrients
Trees absorb nutrients from the soil & make them usable for other living things.

3. B. Trees help cool the environment
Transpiration- the process by which plants give off water vapor through openings in their leaves.
This water release lowers the temperature in the area.
C. Trees give us oxygen to breathe & remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Photosynthesis provides us with the oxygen we need to survive as well as helps to reduce the impact of global warming.

4. D. Trees help to control erosion
The roots of trees and other plants help to keep the soil in place.
E. Trees keep our drinking water clean.
Trees grown near water sources prevent soil from sliding into our waterways.

5. F. Trees provide habitat for other living things.
Without forests, many types of wildlife would be homeless.

6. All trees fall into one of these two categories: hardwood or softwood.
OBJECTIVE 2: Distinguish between hardwood and softwood trees and give examples of each.
All trees fall into one of these two categories: hardwood or softwood.
A. Hardwood trees—
1. Have leaves
2. Seeds are usually found in fleshy fruits or nuts
3. Most are deciduous (lose their leaves in the fall)

7. Examples of hardwood trees
White ash
Balsa
Chestnut
Dutch elm
Hickory
Mahogany
Maple
Red oak
Sycamore
Black walnut

8. B. Softwood trees 1. Have needles
2. Seeds are usually found in cones or woody fruits
3. Most are evergreen (keep their needles year- round)
Examples:
Douglas fir
Pine
European redwood
Yew
Yellow cedar

9. OBJECTIVE 3: Identify and explain the difference between the three types of forests.
Native forests -
areas where trees grow voluntarily.
Examples:
standing timber on farm ground
state park areas
wildlife refuge areas
conservation reserve areas.

10. B. Commercial forests- places where trees are grown, harvested, and sold specifically to make wood products.
Examples:
Christmas tree farms
tree nurseries
forests owned by a lumber mill that replaces harvested trees with newly planted trees.

11. C. Urban forests- areas in cities or towns where trees are planted and cared for.
Examples:
beautification areas
trees used for landscaping in a park.

12. OBJECTIVE 4: Give examples of products that come from trees.
Examples of things humans get from the sap of trees:
Soap
paper dyes
printing ink
wax
chewing gum
sugar and syrup
crayons
varnish

13. Examples of things humans get from the bark of trees:
cork
tannin (for curing leather)
drugs & oils
dye.

14. C. Examples of things humans get from the cellulose (cell walls of trees) of trees:
cellophane
rayon fabric
toilet paper
shatterproof glass
wrapping paper
wallpaper
books

15. D. Examples of things that humans get directly from wood:
furniture, toothpicks, pencils, and spools.
A cord of wood is 4 feet × 4 feet × 8 feet and was once the measurement used to sell pulpwood.
From a cord of wood, you could make each of the following:
7,500,000 toothpicks
460,000 personal checks
1,200 copies of National Geographic magazine
12 dining room tables that seat eight people.