1. Blood and
Blood cells

2. Blood and Blood cells
Average adult has 5-6 liters of blood which circulates every 20 seconds
Composition
78% water
22% Various solids

3. Function of Blood 1. transporting nutrients, oxygen & hormones
2. removing metabolic wastes and CO2
3. providing immunity (resistance to disease) through antibodies
4. maintaining body temperature and electrolyte balance
5. clotting to prevent bleeding from a wound

4. Blood
Blood divides into solid and liquid portions when spun in a centrifuge
Solid parts are called formed elements
Erythrocytes - Red blood cells (RBC’s)
Leukocytes - White blood cells (WBC’s)
Thrombocytes – platelets
The remaining liquid is composed of the buffy coat (mixture of WBC’s and platelets) and plasma

5. Blood and Blood cells Plasma Pale yellow fluid portion of blood
Make up 90% H2O, 10% protein
Contains special proteins that help blood to clot
Contains carbohydrates, proteins gases, hormones, enzymes, minerals, and waste products

6. Types of blood cells

7. Erythrocytes Largest part of blood solids Live 90-120 days
Produced by bone marrow of femur, hip, sternum, humerus, vertebra, cranium

8. Erythrocytes Main function
Transport oxygen and removes carbon dioxide
Hemopoiesis –process in which new RBC’s are formed

9. hemoglobin
Complex protein within each cell to which oxygen attaches

10. Thrombocytes
Platelets
Causes blood to clot

11. Leukocytes Produced in bone marrow and lymph nodes Main function
Fight infection

12. leukocytes Two types Granulocytes
Act as scavengers and destroy pathogens

13. Granulocytes
Neutrophils - engulf & digest bacteria called phagocytosis
Basophils - contain the anticoagulant substance heparin and participate in the inflammatory response
Eosinophils – defend the body from allergic reactions and parasitic infections

14. Agranulocytes Lymphocytes – Basis of the immune system
participates in the production of antibody and plasma cells and help destroy foreign particles
Monocytes – leaves the blood and becomes a macrophage, which help remove foreign materials and bacteria in the process of phagocytosis