1. BUSINESS COMMUNICATION AND ETHICS (HS-304)
BLUETOOTH
PRESENTERS:
Hadiqa Butt TC-29
Mehwish Younus TC-40
Irma Arif TC-43
Youmna Touqeer TC-49
Jazibah Anjum TC-53

2. Objective(s): To discuss: What is Bluetooth and why it is called so.
Need of Bluetooth and its comparison with Infrared.
How it works.
Architecture (Core Specifications).
Features.
Security issues.
What is Blue jacking and Blue bugging.
Bluetooth enabling smart communication: Smart devices.
Application and future development.
Conclusion.

3. INTRODUCTION TO BLUETOOTH
Presented By: Youmna Touqeer TC-49

4. What is Bluetooth????

5. Bluetooth??? What is Bluetooth? Why this name? When does it appear?
Bluetooth is a wireless technology used to transfer data between different electronic devices.
Why this name?
It was taken from the 10th century Danish king Harald Blatand.
When does it appear?
It was initially developed by a group of Engineers at Ericsson a Swedish company in 1994.

6. The concept behind Bluetooth technology:
Provide a short-range wireless service
2.4 GHZ band
Unlicensed and low power
Share up to 720 kbps
Sharing of Data , Audio , Graphics and
Videos

7. Comparison with Infrared:
Only two devices can communicate with each other.
Its a line of sight communication.
Transmission impediments may block the transmission of data.
Performance drops with distance.
Data transmission rate is fairly slow in IR.
Bluetooth
Multiple devices may communicate with each other.
It may operates without being in line of sight.
Transmission impediments may slow the transmission of data.
Its performance is better than IR with distance
Transmission rate is slightly low.

8. Presented By: Mehwish Younus TC-40
THE OPERATION
Presented By: Mehwish Younus TC-40

9. How Bluetooth Operates:
Bluetooth operates by forming piconets.
Supports a large number of piconets by providing each piconet with its own set of random hopping patterns.
Each frame consists of a transmit packet
followed by a receive packet of 625us.
A typical single slot hops at 1,600 hops/second.
Communicates as master -slave in PAN.
A network of devices connected in an ad hoc fashion using Bluetooth technology. A piconet is formed when at least two devices, such as a portable PC and a cellular phone, connect. A piconet can support up to eight devices. When a piconet is formed, one device acts as the master while the others act as slaves for the duration of the piconet connection. A piconet is sometimes called a PAN."Piconet" is a combination of the prefix "pico," meaning very small or one trillionth, and network.

10. Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum :
Bluetooth uses a technique called frequency hopping spread spectrum.
 In this technique, a device will use 79 individual, randomly chosen frequencies.
The transmitters change frequencies 1,600 times every second.

11. Bluetooth Architecture:
The Bluetooth technology is divided into two specifications: the core and the profile specifications.
The core specification discusses how the technology works.
The profile specification focuses on how to build interoperating devices using the core technologies.
The Bluetooth host and Bluetooth controller communicate through an intermediate layer called the HCI transport layer. This layer (also known as the host controller transport layer) contains a set of transport drivers that abstract and transfer data between the HCI layer of the Bluetooth host and the Bluetooth controller. The transport drivers implement communication between the Bluetooth Host and Bluetooth controller with a small set of functions that send and receive commands, data packets, and events

12. Bluetooth Controller:
Layer
Description
Link Manager Protocol (LMP)
Manages logical link establishment between Bluetooth devices, which includes authentication and encryption.
Baseband (Baseband)
A link controller that forms the physical layer of the Bluetooth architecture. Establishes and manages the physical radio frequency (RF) link between Bluetooth units that form a piconet.
Radio
A Bluetooth RF transceiver. Transmits data to and from the Baseband.

13. Bluetooth Host: Layer Description
Wireless Application Environment/Wireless Application Protocol (WAE/WAP)
Specifies an application framework for wireless devices.
Object Exchange (OBEX)
For the exchange of objects, providing a model for object and operation representation.
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)
Internet standard protocol for transporting IP datagrams over a point-to-point link.
TCP/IP
Foundation Protocols for TCP/IP protocol suite.
Service Discovery Protocol (SDP)
Manages the discovery and publishing of supported Bluetooth services between devices.
Telephony Control Protocol (TCS)
Defines the call control signaling for the establishment of voice and data calls .
Radio Frequency Communications (RFCOMM) Serial Port Emulation
Emulates RS-232 serial ports over the L2CAP layer.
Logical Link Control and Adaption Protocol (L2CAP)
Conversion of data from high to low level.

14. FEATURES AND SPECIFICATIONS
Presented By: Irma Arif
TC-43

15. Bluetooth Specifications:
Spectrum:
Unlicensed industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band
2.4 to GHz
Interference:
Adaptive frequency hopping (AFH) reduce interference between wireless technologies .
79 frequencies at 1 MHz intervals

16. Range: 3 classes of radios: Class 1:range of 100 to 300 feet
Class 2:range of 10 meters to 33 feet
Class 3:range of 1 meter to 3 feet

17. Power: Very low power consumption. Class 2 radios uses 2.5mw power
Bluetooth low-energy technology designed to consumes between 1/2 and 1/100 the power of classic Bluetooth technology optimizing battery’s life.

18. Different Versions: Bluetooth v1.2: Bluetooth v2.0:
Backward compatible with v1.1.
Data transmission speed up to 72 kbit / s.
Bluetooth v2.0:
Backward compatible with the previous v1.2.
Enhanced Data Rate (EDR) for faster data transfer.

19. Bluetooth v2.1: Bluetooth v3.0: Backward compatible with v1.2.
Uses secure simple pairing (SSP).
Bluetooth v3.0:
Backward compatible with v2.1.
Bluetooth 3.0 provides theoretical data transfer speeds of up to 24 Mbit / s.

20. Bluetooth v4.0:
Provides faster speed in data transmission than the earlier version.
Greatly reduced power consuming
Provides more security in data transmission.

21. Presented By: Hadiqa Butt TC-29
SECURITY ISSUES
Presented By: Hadiqa Butt TC-29

22. Security Issues In Bluetooth:
Blue jacking:
Sending of unsolicited messages over Bluetooth to Bluetooth-enabled devices.
Allows phone users to send business cards anonymously.
Blue jacking does not involve the removal of any data from the device.

23. Advantages: Disadvantages:
Can easily transfer data in a short interval of time.
Lower maintenance costs and greater workflow efficiency.
Disadvantages:
Virus attacks.
Phones contents may get hacked.

24. Blue bugging:
A target phone manipulates into compromising its security, this to create a backdoor attack before returning control of the phone to its owner.
Once control of a phone has been established, it is used to call back the hacker who is then able to listen-in to conversations.

25. Advantages: Disadvantages:
Capability of receiving the enabled Bluetooth signals from meters of range only.
Disadvantages:
Allows to control the target phones through Bluetooth phone headsets .

26. Presented By: Jazibah Anjum Tc-53
APPLICATIONS
Presented By: Jazibah Anjum Tc-53

27. Applications: Hand-free calls from a wireless headset to a cell phone.
Exchange or synchronize data between Bluetooth enabled computers, laptops, mobile phones and other devices.
Transfer of files, images and MP3, between mobile phones , MP3 players and digital cameras .
Use a Bluetooth enabled wireless keyboard or mouse.
Wireless connection to Bluetooth compatible printer, headset, or speakers.
Wireless control of a games console -Nintendo's Wii and Sony's PlayStation 3
Home automation system through Bluetooth.

28. BLUETOOTH SMART GADGET:
Smart phones
Mobile phone headset
Heart rate monitor
Stethoscopes

29. Bluetooth USB dongle with 100m range.
Bluetooth Smart watch:
e.g. Garmin GPS Hiking Watch
Bluetooth Smart Shoes

30. Future development:
The future of Bluetooth looks strong, with initiatives underway for higher throughput and more ubiquitous usage.
Bluetooth enable internet ports.
Quality of service (QoS) improvements of Bluetooth.
Retail and Mobile e-Commerce via Bluetooth.

31. CONCLUSION
As technology gets bigger and better you can expect Bluetooth to advance at every stage.
Contributed in making mobile information society possible.

32. THANK YOU!