1. Child restraint and how to use it
Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center
Of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Child restraint and how to use it

2. What is child restraint?
Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center
Of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences

3. Are you a friend or a foe?

4. He is a conscious guy because he uses child restraint.
How safe is it for me here؟

5. What is the problem?
In an accident, children with a force equivalent to 30 to 60 times their weight were thrown outside the vehicle at 50 km per hour.
28 percent of Iranian children death is caused by injuries and 36 percent of these death is caused by traffic injuries.
In the case of parents who embrace their child, at the time of the accident the child plays the role of air bag. Death is almost certain.

6. What is the solution?
Child restraint

7. The use of child restraint during a trip for children protection is as important as an adult fastening his seat belt.

8. Various studies in high income countries have shown that child restraint prevents thousands of child death.
In these countries, the use of child restraint is mandatory, and cases of non-compliance must pay heavy compensation.
The use of child restraint in vehicles is the safest way of protecting children during a trip (on rural and urban roads).

9. The proper use of child restraint is an important point that fits with the child's height and weight
Weight grouping for child restraint O
Children weighing 10 kg or less O+
Children weighing less than 13 kg I
Children weighing 9-18 kg II
Children weighing kg
III
Children weighing kg

10. CI(confidence interval)
The effect of child restraint usage on risk reduction
Kind of child restraint
The best estimation
CI(confidence interval)
Child restraint (0-4 year) forward
-50
-30 up to -70
Child restraint (0-4 year) backward
-80
-70 up to -90
Use of only child restraint in the back seat (0-4 year)
-32
-29 up to -35
Child restraint with belt (5-9 year)
-52
-27up to -69
Use of only child restraint (5-9 year )
-19
-7up to -29

11. Types of Child restraint
Infant Seat
Child Seat
Booster Seat

12. Infant Seat
For children less than one year old and weighing less than 9 kg, a height of 69 cm is used. To deal with any sudden movements and achieve more security, rear-facing infant seats should be installed in the car (passengers sitting in the opposite direction).
It should be noted that most of this type of seat backrest angle is 45 degrees with the horizontal plane. Some of these seat models have a special foundation for installation in vehicles. To achieve a 45° angle, the backrest can be rolled up, a towel or cloth (or any means have the ability to absorb impact) is also used on an infant seat. .

13. Correct Use!

14. Child restraint
This type of seat which includes different groups in terms of height or weight of the child, is appropriate for children aged over one year old and weighing between 9 to 18 kg.
How to install it (either forward or backward) with respect to the size and weight of children and those who placed a chair in it is different.
Only the rear seats, which are usually suitable for children of up to 9 kg. In addition to installing some seats for backward, forward and have the ability to install, these chairs are appropriate for children between kg weight and age for more than one year.

15. Booster seat
Car seats are designed for adults according to medium height people, hence it is not suitable for children at all.
Thus, to reform how the safety belts on children weighing between 18 to 36 kg and as long as they can sit comfortably in a car's chair and while leaning back in the chair, the legs bent edge of the seat and the seat belt pass from the shoulder and chest, a much simpler type of child safety seat that requires a "booster seat" and the only task is to reform the way the car's seat belts on the child's body.

16. As long as the child is under 8 years or less than 144 cm tall (As long as the child sits comfortably on car seats and car seat belts do not hurt him), a booster seat must be used.

17. General tips on the use of child restraint
According to the standard number "3930" in Iran, any type of child restraint should be fixed with a label containing the following information with legible letters and numbers:
Name of the manufacturer (or official distributor)
Name or model number
Construction date (including month and year)
Construction site
Use a sentence that specifies what kind of car engine
and the system in which the seat is recommended.
Including "Only for children who weigh between kg and height cm or fewer" should be used.
Also, other safety tips and advice in this standard has been fully explained to them.

18. Last words
Dear parents to keep children safe the following cases have to be more careful:
1.Car seat and child safety belt so tightly that does not move more than 1 inch.
2. Seats on the degree of vertical and right.
3. Do not use the last date of seats that may lose their elasticity and its clauses or are rotten.
4. use new Tedder to reduce the risk of injury. Tedder leather strap is like an anchor stuck to the back of the car seat child safety seat to prevent themselves from coming forward.
5. Lock seats in the highest degree not put up with any move again.
6. Child car seat is not a toy. So it does not matter, but in appearance it should be noted that some security and comfort for children.
7. The child safety seat in the house, do not use a cradle and beds. Although child seats in this car more comfortable than regular seats, but in comparison to the bed and cradle are not comfortable with.
8. All kinds of child restraint in the back seat should be preferably in the center rear seat (not in addition to). Especially if the car is equipped with side air bag system.
9. Make sure that the child restraint is perfectly sized. Do not use the seat is too small or too big.

19. Hoping every Iranian child will have child restraint while travelling.
Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center Of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences