1. Describe the effect that a higher than normal blood glucose level can have on the blood vessels.
What is Microvascular Disease?
Name the two hormones that regulate blood glucose level
Which organ contains the receptors that monitor blood glucose levels?
Explain how blood glucose level is returned to normal if the receptors detect an increase in blood glucose.
Explain how blood glucose level is returned to normal if the receptors detect a decrease in blood glucose.
Describe the role of adrenaline in ‘fight or flight’ reactions
Describe the differences in the pancreatic cells between a type 1 and type 2 diabetic.
State the possible treatments for type 1 and type 1 diabetes.
Give the possible health consequences of obesity.

2. Describe the effect that a higher than normal blood glucose level can have on the blood vessels.
Cells lining the blood vessels absorb far more glucose than normal. This can lead to damage and to PVD, cardiovascular disease and strokes.
2. What is Microvascular Disease?
A disease where the lining cells of small blood vessels take in more glucose than normal and weaken. This can cause them to burst and result in haemorrhaging.

3. 3. Name the two hormones that regulate blood glucose level
Insulin and Glucagon.
4. Which organ contains the receptors that monitor blood glucose levels?
The pancreas.
5. Explain how blood glucose level is returned to normal if the receptors detect an increase in blood glucose.
Receptors detect increase
Pancreas releases more insulin (and less glucagon)
Insulin activates the conversion of glucose into glycogen in the liver
Blood glucose returns to normal.

4. 7. Describe the role of adrenaline in ‘fight or flight’ reactions
6. Explain how blood glucose level is returned to normal if the receptors detect a decrease in blood glucose.
Receptors detect decrease
Pancreas releases more glucagon (and less insulin)
Glucagon activates the conversion of glycogen into glucose in the liver
Blood glucose returns to normal.
7. Describe the role of adrenaline in ‘fight or flight’ reactions
Adrenaline promotes the breakdown of glycogen to glucose.
8. Describe the differences in the pancreatic cells between a type 1 and type 2 diabetic.
T1 – pancreatic cells cannot produce insulin
T2 – pancreatic cells able to produce insulin.

5. 9. State the possible treatments for type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
T1 Insulin injections
T2 Weight loss and diet control
10. Give the possible health consequences of obesity.
CVD
Type 2 diabetes