1. Bell Ringer
Analyze the political cartoon Who is the central figure? Who are the people depicted at the bottom? Create a title for the political cartoon.

2. The Rise of Dictators
Essential Question: What characteristics did the dictators of the 20th century have in common?

3. Totalitarian State
Government which aims to control the political, economic, social, intellectual, and cultural lives of the people
Freedoms < State

4. Fascism in Italy Benito Mussolini – aka Il Duce (the leader)
Created Fascist party in Italy
Fascism – Totalitarian government which emphasizes extreme nationalism
Popular because of discontent with ToV and fear of communism

5. Fascism in Italy Fascist Control
OVRA – Secret police force had the power to arrest anyone for any reason
Massive propaganda campaign
Youth groups – children taught national and militaristic values

6. Communism in the Soviet Union
Joseph Stalin
Succeeded V. Lenin
Five-Year Plan - meant to quickly industrialize Russia
Collectivization – system where private farms were eliminated and peasants instead worked on gov’t owned land
Widespread resistance caused famine (10million dead)

7. Communism in the Soviet Union
Stalin also used propaganda and secret police to enforce his policies
The Great Purge
Resisters were sent into forced labor camps in Siberia or executed

8. Militarism in Japan Hideki Tojo General -> Prime Minister
Military dictatorship, had more power than the emperor
Japan needed to conquer lands to acquire raw materials for their factories

9. Nazism in Germany Nazi – National Socialist German Worker’s Party
Focused on extreme nationalism (anti- Semitism) and militarism
Failed coup -> time in jail -> wrote Mein Kampf
Blamed the Jews and Communists for Germany’s problems (ToV)

10. Nazism in Germany
Appointed Chancellor in 1933 – Took complete control of gov’t
Title of Fuhrer – Leader
Schutzstaffeln (aka the SS) – guard squadrons that enforced Hitler’s policies through terror

11. Nazism in Germany Nazi Society
Women – primary job of mother, limited what jobs they could have
Hitler’s Youth – trained children to be loyal to the Nazi party and be strong soldiers in the future

12. Essential Question
What characteristics did the dictators of the 20th century have in common?

13. Diary Entry
Write a diary entry from the perspective of a citizen living in a totalitarian state. You should emphasize the conditions of that totalitarian state, especially methods of control.
You may choose from:
Nazi Germany
Soviet Russia
Fascist Italy
At least one page in length.