1. America Makes & ANSI Additive Manufacturing Standardization Collaborative (AMSC)
Status Update for AMMO
January 11, 2017
By Jim McCabe
Senior Director, Standards Facilitation American National Standards Institute

2. AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 2
AMSC Deliverable
A standardization roadmap for additive manufacturing that identifies existing standards and specifications, as well as those in development, assesses gaps, and makes recommendations for priority areas where there is a perceived need for additional standardization, including in relation to needs already identified in the America Makes Additive Manufacturing Technology Roadmap
AMSC is not developing standards or specifications – the goal is to drive coordinated standards development activity
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 2

3. AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 3
5 AMSC Working Groups
Design
Process and Materials
4 subgroups thereunder: Precursor Materials, Process Control, Post-Processing, Finished Material Properties
Qualification & Certification
Nondestructive Evaluation
Maintenance (focus of this presentation)
List of issues addressed by other WGs provided in backup slides
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 3

4. AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 4
AMSC Milestones
March 31, 2016 – Kickoff Meeting
September 26, 2016 – Second Face to Face Meeting
December 12, 2016 – Preliminary Final Draft Roadmap Circulated for Public Review and Comment
WGs met bi-weekly from April – December to develop document
88 gaps identified, 18 high priority, 51 medium priority, 19 low priority
A “gap” means no published standard or specification exists for the particular issue in question
February 28, 2017 – Target Date for Roadmap Publication
Promotional / implementation efforts thereafter
Further updates envisioned
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 4

5. AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 5
Maintenance WG Co-Chairs: David Coyle, NAVSUP WSS; Michele Hanna, Lockheed Martin
Roadmap Chapter Layout / Topical Areas
Introduction
Standard repair procedures
Standard technical inspection processes
Model based inspection
Standards for Tracking Maintenance Operations
Cybersecurity for Maintenance
Finishing and Assembly, Welding, Grinding, Coating, Plating
8 maintenance gaps identified – all medium priority
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 5

6. Identified Maintenance Gaps – Standard Repair Procedures
Maintenance and Sustainment of Machines
Gap M1: AM Analyses in RCM and CBM. Standards for AM analyses in Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) and Conditioned Based Maintenance (CBM+) are needed.
R&D Needed: No
Recommendation: Update SAE JA1012 RCM Guide to provide analytics for AM trade-offs in RCM and CBM+.
Priority: Medium
Organization: SAE, ISO, ASTM
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 6

7. Identified Maintenance Gaps – Standard Repair Procedures
Maintenance and Sustainment of Parts
Gap M2: Using AM to Print Tools. Current standards may not consider the variety of materials that can be used to create tools using additive manufacturing.
R&D Needed: No
Recommendation: Amend the B107 series of standards to require specific strength/loads for hand tools to ensure that AM printed tools function like machined tools. Examples include:
B   Flat Wrenches
B   Socket Wrenches, Handles, and Attachments
B   Torque Instruments
B   Striking Tools
B   Struck Tools
B   Pliers
B   Screwdrivers
Also update SAE AS 1390:2014 to include trade space of repairs including on AM. Trade space would address reduction of time and increase in skill set (e.g., for qualified printer operators).
Priority: Medium
Organization: ASME, SAE
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 7

8. Identified Maintenance Gaps – Standard Repair Procedures (continued)
Maintenance and Sustainment of Parts
Gap M3: AM Level of Repair Analysis. Standards for AM LORA are needed. In performing a repair versus discard analysis, the use of AM can change the LORA decision due to shifts in factors relating to logistics delay time, spares availability, cost of spares, etc.
R&D Needed: No
Recommendation: Update SAE AS 1390:2014 to address AM LORA.
Priority: Medium
Organization: SAE with input from DoD, ISO, ASTM
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 8

9. Identified Maintenance Gaps – Standard Technical Inspection Processes
Gap M4: Physical Inspection of AM Parts and Tools for Defects. A standard Inspection process for component or tooling defects is needed to consider additive manufacturing technologies as potential solutions for preventative and corrective maintenance actions.
R&D Needed: No
Recommendation: Update SAE JA1011/1012 to include an inspection process for additive manufacturing repairs.
Priority: Medium
Organization: SAE, ISO/ASTM
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 9

10. Identified Maintenance Gaps – Model Based Inspection
Gap M5: Model Based Inspection. Standard practices for model based inspection methods using AM are needed for maintenance assessments and scheduling.
R&D Needed: No
Recommendation: Develop standard practices for assessing level of damage for end-use parts and AM machine “health” using model based inspection. See also Gap PC3 on machine health monitoring.
Priority: Medium
Organization: ASME, ISO/ASTM, Dimensional Metrology Standards Consortium
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 10

11. AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 11
Identified Maintenance Gaps – Standards for Tracking Maintenance Operations
Gap M6: Tracking Maintenance. A standard is needed for how preventative maintenance operations of AM machines are tracked (e.g., monitoring printer health, need for servicing, etc.).
R&D Needed: No
Recommendation:
Develop a standard for tracking maintenance operations to ensure a printer is ready when needed. See also Gap PC3 on machine health monitoring.
Develop a standard to address emergency repair/limited life parts for urgent cases in the field.
Priority: Medium
Organization: AWS, ASTM
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 11

12. Identified Maintenance Gaps – Cybersecurity for Maintenance
Gap M7: Cybersecurity for Maintenance. In support of on-site repairs, guidance is needed that addresses cybersecurity considerations for maintenance and repair of parts that have 3D models ready to print. Secure storage in a database should ensure that only authorized personnel can download files and print parts.
R&D Needed: Yes
Recommendation: Guidance is needed to ensure the integrity and safe storage of AM files as maintenance and repair operations may take place in an uncontrolled environment. See also recommendation PC15 on configuration management: cybersecurity.
Priority: Medium
Organization: NIST, NEMA, NDIA JWG, ASTM
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 12

13. AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 13
Identified Maintenance Gaps – Finishing and Assembly, Welding, Grinding, Coating, Plating
Gap M8. Finishing and Assembly, Welding, Grinding, Coating, Plating. Standards are needed for chemical compatibility with additively manufactured materials for surface cleaning in preparation for an additive repair process. Additionally, standards are needed for removal of coatings, including paints and powder coating, and plating (chrome, zinc, etc.) for additively manufacture parts.
R&D Needed: Yes
Recommendation: Develop standards for approved chemical substances and mechanical processes used for the removal of coatings and plating on additively manufactured components, to include metals, polymers, ceramics, and other materials.
Priority: Medium
Organization: ASTM, SAE
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 13

14. Status Update for AMMO January 11, 2017
Back up slides
Status Update for AMMO
January 11, 2017

15. AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 15
AMSC Purpose
To coordinate and accelerate the development of industry-wide additive manufacturing standards and specifications, consistent with stakeholder needs, and thereby facilitate the growth of the additive manufacturing industry
AMSC on the web
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 15

16. AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 16
AMSC Objectives
Coordinate and provide input to Additive Manufacturing Standards Developing Organizations (SDOs)
Formalize links into and out of groups influencing the development of standards and specifications
Identify and track existing, in work, and needed standards and specifications for additive manufacturing and establish a common framework for additive manufacturing standards and specs
Provide subject matter experts to work with SDOs to accelerate the development of additive manufacturing standards and specs
Coordinate activities with the America Makes Additive Manufacturing Standards, Specs, and Data Schemas Advisory Group, Data Schemas Coordination Working Group, Technology Roadmap Advisory Group, Maintenance and Sustainability WG, and the DoD AM for Maintenance Operations (AMMO) WG
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 16

17. AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 17
AMSC Critical Issues
There has been no process for identifying priorities and interdependencies in the development of standards and specifications for additive manufacturing
A number of SDOs are engaged in standards-setting for various aspects of additive manufacturing, prompting the need for coordination to maintain a consistent, harmonized, and non-contradictory set of additive manufacturing standards and specifications
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 17

18. AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 18
AMSC Leadership
Chair – Jim Williams (All Points Additive)
Vice Chair – Lauralyn McDaniel (SME)
Secretary – Jim McCabe (ANSI)
Sponsor – Ed Morris (America Makes)
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 18

19. AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 19
AMSC Members
Participation is open to additive manufacturing stakeholders that have operations in the U.S.
Membership in America Makes and ANSI is not a prerequisite and there is no fee to participate at this time
Members include:
Industry Additive Manufacturing Users Stakeholders
Government Additive Manufacturing Users Stakeholders
Academia Additive Manufacturing R&D Stakeholders
Additive Manufacturing Standards Developing Organizations
Additive Manufacturing Equipment OEMs
Additive Manufacturing Materials OEMs
Government and Industry Independent Certification Organizations
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 19

20. Definitions – ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004
Standard - document, established by consensus and approved by a recognized body, that provides, for common and repeated use, rules, guidelines or characteristics for activities or their results, aimed at the achievement of the optimum degree of order in a given context
NOTE Standards should be based on the consolidated results of science, technology and experience, and aimed at the promotion of optimum community benefits.
Technical Specification - document that prescribes technical requirements to be fulfilled by a product, process or service
NOTE 1 A technical specification should indicate, whenever appropriate, the procedure(s) by means of which it may be determined whether the requirements given are fulfilled.
NOTE 2 A technical specification may be a standard, a part of a standard or independent of a standard.
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 20

21. AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 21
AMSC Timeline
Kickoff meeting (March 31, 2016)
Determine Working Group (WG) structure and leaders
Review landscape of existing standards / specs and those in development; assess what’s missing
Discuss industry needs and coordination issues
Cataloguing Phase (April - June)
Complete standards landscape of what already exists or is in development
Gap Analysis Phase (June - August)
Identify gaps and priorities for needed standards
Draft Roadmap (July – September)
Second face-to-face meeting (September 26)
Review and discuss first draft of roadmap
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 21

22. AMSC Timeline (continued)
Circulate revised draft for internal review & comment (Oct ) / WGs on hiatus
Resume bi-weekly WG meetings (Oct 31 – Dec 8) to review comments / make further revisions
Issue preliminary final draft for public review and comment (Dec 14)
Comments due by January 11, 2017
Review comments (Jan 2017)
Publish roadmap version 1.0 (Feb 2017)
Follow up with SDOs on implementation (May 29, 2017)
Promote participation in SDO work at RAPID + TCT (May 9, 2017)
Promote roadmap, monitor progress, update roadmap (Ongoing 2017)
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 22

23. AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 23
Design WG Co-Chairs: John Schmelzle, NAVAIR; Jayanthi Parthasarathy, MedCAD
Introduction to Design chapter
Design guides
Design tools
Design for specific applications
Design for assemblies
Design for printed electronics
Design for medical
Design documentation
Design verification / validation
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 23

24. AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 24
Process and Materials WG (and 4 subgroups) Co-Chairs: Todd Rockstroh, GE Aviation; Art Kracke, AAK Consulting, LLC
Future State: Left to Right Enabling Commercialized AM products
Precursor Materials SG
Storage, Handling and Transportation
Characterization
- Chemical Composition
- Flowability
- Spreadability
- Density (apparent vs. tapped)
- Particle Size and Particle Size Distribution
- Particle Morphology
- Feedstock Sampling
- Hollow Particles and Hollow Particles with Trapped Gas
Process Control SG
Digital format & digital systems control
Machine calibration / preventative maintenance
Machine qualification
Parameter control
Adverse machine environmental conditions
Precursor material handling, blending, use, re-use & recycling
Precursor material flow monitoring
Environmental health & safety Configuration management: cybersecurity
Process monitoring
Post-Processing SG
Heat Treatment
HIP
Surface finish
Machining
Post-curing methods
Finished Material Properties SG Mechanical properties
Component testing
Bio-compatibility and Cleanliness of Medical Devices
Chemistry
Design allowables
Microstructure
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 24

25. Precursor Materials SG Leaders: Jim Adams, MPIF; Justin Whiting, NIST
Introduction to Precursor Materials Chapter
Storage, Handling and Transportation
Characterization
Chemical composition
Flowability
Spreadability
Density (apparent vs tapped)
Particle Size and Particle Size Distribution
Particle Morphology
Feedstock Sampling
Hollow Particles and Hollow Particles with Entrapped Gas
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 25

26. Process Control SG Leaders: Justin Whiting, NIST; John Barnes, Alcoa
Introduction to Process Control chapter
Digital format and digital system control
Machine calibration and preventative maintenance
Machine qualification
Parameter control
Adverse machine environmental conditions – effect on component quality
Precursor material handling, blending, use, re-use & recycling
Precursor material flow monitoring
Environmental health and safety – protection of machine operators
Configuration management: cybersecurity
Process monitoring
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 26

27. AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 27
Post-Processing SG Leaders: Amir Farzadfar, Corning, Inc.; J. Hector Sandoval, Lockheed Martin
Introduction to Post-Processing chapter
Heat Treatment (metals)
Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) (metals)
Surface finish (surface texture) (metals, polymers)
Machining (metals, polymers)
Post curing methods (polymers)
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 27

28. AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 28
Qualification and Certification WG Co-Chairs: Armen Kurdian, NAVSUP WSS; Shawn Moylan, NIST
Introduction
Identified guidance documents
FDA Guidance on Technical Considerations for AM Devices
Lockheed Martin AM Supplier Quality Checklist
Aerospace Corp Mission Assurance Information Workshop
CMH-17 & MMPDS Handbooks
AWS D20
NASA MSFC Draft Engineering and Quality Standard for AM Spaceflight Hardware
ASME Y14.46
User-group/industry perspectives on Q&C
Aerospace Industry
Defense Industry
Medical Devices Industry
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 28

29. AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 29
Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) WG Co-Chairs: Patrick Howard, General Electric; Steve James, Aerojet Rocketdyne
Scope: NDE of finished parts (NDE for process monitoring under Process Control SG of Process and Materials WG)
Introduction to NDE chapter
Common defects catalog using a common language for AM fabricated parts
Test methods or best practice guides for NDE of AM parts
Dimensional metrology of internal features
Data fusion
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 29

30. AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 30
Finished Material Properties SG Leaders: Roger Narayan, North Carolina State University; Mohsen Seifi, Case Western Reserve University
Introduction to Finished Material Properties chapter
Mechanical Properties
Component testing
Bio-compatibility & Cleanliness of Medical Devices
Chemistry
Design Allowables
Microstructure
AMSC AMMO Update - Slide 30