1. Global Influences and the Development of Canada 17th – Late 19th Century
New France and Acadia
American Revolution and Canadian Evolution
Confederation
Impact of African Migration and Settlement

2. New France and Acadia
French colonialism motivated the creation of new France, 1663, as a royal province of France
The population grew from 2000 – over 20 years

3. New France and Acadia
The sovereign council was the regulating government in new France
Acadia was founded in 1605 at port royal
Acadians developed into a distinct society after control of the area switched several times between Britain and France

4. Acadia (Cont’d)
Ultimately under British rule the Acadians were forced from their lands in 1775 (10 years after settling)
This was called le Grand Derangement (the Great Upheaval)
They were dispersed along the Atlantic coast (Louisiana is one well known settlement, as well as the South Shore of Nova Scotia)

5. American Revolution and Canadian Evolution
The American revolution created two countries – the U.S. and, by circumstance the future country of Canada
The Americans believed they would receive support against the British in Quebec and nova Scotia, but these areas remained neutral

6. American Revolution and Canadian Evolution
They did so for economic reasons – they didn’t want to jeopardize trade with either of the warring parties
Some aboriginals (Joseph Brant) supported the British
In general aboriginals fought with any side that would protect their lands and way of life

7. American Revolution and Canadian Evolution
Not everyone in the (future) States supported revolution – these were the United Empire Loyalists
They left for Canada after being persecuted by American Revolutionists

8. American Revolution and Canadian Evolution
Approximately loyalists came to Canada of every ethnic background
This movement of so many people into Canadian lands created a great deal of conflict over land rights and many aboriginals were displaced from their homelands

9. American Revolution and Canadian Evolution
After the revolution a great fear of the threat of American expansionism into Canada loomed
The American policy of annexation was clear evidence of their intentions
This lead to the push toward a political union of all the colonies in British North America
The belief that such a union would strengthen BNA against an American attack – the idea of confederation was born

10. Confederation
The British North America Act 1867, fuelled by the threat of American annexation, was ironically influenced by American political practices
It created a balance between the best of the British Parliamentary system with that of American Federalism
The end result being a strong centralized federal government

11. Impact of African Migration and Settlement
Between 1680 and 1800 approximately 1500 people of African descent lived in Canada as servants and slaves
Many migrated after the American revolution about 5000 migrated to Upper and Lower Canada representing 10% of United Empire Loyalists (many settled in the Shelburne area)

12. Case Study 5
Please answer the following questions and submit to teacher. Responses must be of high quality. Draft products will be returned unmarked.
1. In what ways has Canada’s evolution been shaped by British-American relations?
2. Complete the connections activity on p.40. Complete a supporting argument only. Complete question one on p.45 using only the textbook as a resource. How did the policies of New France affect the development of New France?

13. Case Study 5 (cont’d)
3. Create a chart outlining the waves of African migration into Canadian territory. How did the migration impact these settlers, and on other Canadians?
Source
LeBel, S. and Orr, J. (2003) Canadian History: Voices and Visions Gage Learning Corp., Toronto, Ontario.