1. Intro to Art Study Guide!
Take notes, you will need them!

2. Little Shannon Forgot To Vacuum Some Crumbs
Elements of Art
Define and identify and/or explain the following (use examples):
Little Shannon Forgot To Vacuum Some Crumbs
Line – is defined as a mark with length and direction, created by a point that moves across a surface
Shape – is a flat figure created when actual or implied lines meet to surround a space. Shapes may be geometric or organic
Form – is any three-dimensional object
Texture – the way a surface feels (actual texture) or how it may look (implied texture).
Value – The range of light and dark on a shape or form or in an entire space. Value is the amount of lightness or darkness in a color
Space (positive and negative) – the empty or open area between, around, above, below, or within objects
Color – The perceived character of a surface according to the wavelength of light reflected from it

3. Principles of Design
Balance – is a feeling of visual equality in shape, form, value, color, etc.  Balance can be symmetrical or evenly balanced or asymmetrical and un-evenly balanced. Asymmetrical A type of balance in which both sides of a composition are balanced yet different. Symmetrical - A type of balance in which both sides of a composition are the same.
Rhythm – the repeated use of similar elements such as color, line, or shape - the smooth transition from one part to another
Unity – is the harmony of all visual elements in a composition
Contrast – shows difference between the elements of art, which are: line, color, shape, value, space, and texture
Emphasis - is given to a center of interest, which might be the largest, brightest, or lightest subject

4. Color
Define and identify and/or explain the following (use examples):
Color Wheel – The circular chart used to remember color relationships
Analogous – three colors that are adjacent or next to one another on a color wheel
Cool Colors – Blue, green, violet: colors that represent cold things ie ice, water etc…
Warm Colors – Yellow, red, orange; colors that represent warm things ie fire, sun etc…
Complimentary – colors directly opposite another on a color wheel and providing the greatest chromatic contrast to it
Triad Color Scheme – A color scheme in which 3 colors of equidistant distribution on the color wheel are used, The color plan of red, yellow and blue is an example of a triad color schemes
Primary Colors – are colors that cannot be created by mixing other colors

5. Secondary Colors – a color produced by mixing two primary colors in equal proportions
Tertiary Colors – is a color made by mixing one primary color with one secondary color
Monochromatic – This color scheme involves the use of only one hue. The hue can vary in value, and black or white may be added to create various shades or tints
Intensity – the brightness or dullness of a color
Shade – a color which has been mixed with black; has a darker value
Tint – color which has been mixed with white; has a lighter value
Neutrals – Colors that go with all color plans-- white, black, gray and brown
Draw a small example of a color wheel for reference. Remember, there are 12 colors on a standard color wheel.

6. Basic Art Terms Define and identify and/or explain
the following (use examples):
Label the diagram.
Light Source – where the light in a drawing or
painting is coming from
2. Highlight – the lightest spot or area
3. Midtone – the shade or color of a form without
adding a dark or light
4. Dark – the area of a form that is not exposed to light
5. Shadow – a dark figure or image cast on the ground or some surface by a body intercepting light 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

7. Landscapes – A painting, drawing, photograph, etc of outdoor scenery
Portraits – When the subject of a work of art is a person’s face
Self- Portraits – When an artist poses for their own portrait
Caricature – a portrait that exaggerates or distorts the essence of a person or thing to create an easily identifiable visual likeness
Horizontal – holding your paper or canvas long ways
Vertical – holding your paper or canvas up and down
Color Scheme – A plan for selecting colors for a composition
Contrast – shows difference between the elements of art, which are: line, color, shape, value, space, and texture
Opaque – Cannot see through
Transparent – Can see through
One Point Perspective – A system of spatial illusion in 2D art that is based on the convergence of parallel lines to a common vanishing point on the horizon line
Two Point Perspective – A system of spatial illusion in 2D art that is based on the convergence of parallel lines to two vanishing points on the horizon line

8. Vanishing Point – all lines lead to this point which may be on or off the canvas
Horizon Line – An imaginary line, where the sky meets the ground at eye level
Receding Lines – The lines used in perspective that slope backward to the vanishing point(s)
Gesture Drawing – Quick sketches that show movement. Warm up sketches
Blind Contour Line Drawing – Long, continuous, concentrated drawing following the contours of a figure without lifting the pencil or looking at the paper.
Figure Drawing – Drawing from a model traditionally using compressed and vine charcoal.
Still Life –A drawing, painting, or photograph of inanimate objects in an artificial setting.
Medium – the material used in a piece of art .
Composition – How things are laid out on the page/surface.

9. 1. Gradation – a shading technique that has
gradual passing from one tint or shade to another
2. Stippling – a shading technique using small dots to create values
3. Hatching – a shading technique in which fine lines are drawn close together
4. Cross Hatching – a shading technique that uses two series of parallel lines that intersect 1. 2. 3. 4.

10. Material
Define and identify and/or explain the following (use examples):
Acrylic Paint – Plastic based paint developed in the 50s. Dries quickly and can be layer for thick texture.
Xacto Knife – Sharp blade used for detailed cutting
Palette – Could be plastic, metal, wax paper but it is meant to have paint on it and mix colors on before they are applied to the canvas/board/paper.
Paper Quilling – A craft that French and Italian Monks created after they made books. The used quills to wrap strips of paper around to create intricate designs.
Shading Pencils – Pencils that have a variety of graphite that show a difference is darkness when it is applied to the paper. 3H being the lightest, H, HB, 2B, 3B, 4B, 6B, even 8B
Charcoal – Dusty material traditionally used in figure drawing. Vane charcoal is thin and fragile, Used mainly for a basic outline. Compressed charcoal is used for longer poses and get darker marks and works well for shadows

11. Artists/Genres
Define and identify and/or explain the following (use examples):
Abstract Art – In general, there are two types of abstract paintings. The first type of abstract painting portrays objects that have been "abstracted" (taken) from nature. Although what you see may not look realistic, it is close enough that you can, at least, get an idea of what you are looking at. A second type of abstract painting, sometimes referred to as "pure" abstract art, is even more obtuse. Such paintings do not reflect any form of conventional reality: all you see are shapes, colors, lines, patterns, and so on
Jackson Pollock – American Abstract
Painter. AKA Jack the Dripper. Created nonobjective abstract artwork.

12. Andrew Wyeth1917-2009 – American Painter. Born in Virginia
Andrew Wyeth – American Painter. Born in Virginia. Painted his neighbors in Maine often
Christina’s World- Painting of Christina Olson. Paralyzed from the waist down. Would crawl to move around the farm.
Vincent Van Gogh – Dutch Post Impressionist painter. Went made and lived the later years in life in a mental institution where he painted the infamous The Starry Night. Cut off his ear because of a fight over a prostitute.
Starry Night – Painting of the town Saint Remey.

13. Roy Liechtenstein 1923-1997 – American Painter. Pop Artist
Roy Liechtenstein – American Painter. Pop Artist. Used a comic book style to create his large works.
In the Car 1963 –
Salvador Dali – Surrealist Spanish painter. Also created films. Used his dreams and fantasies to create vivid paintings and etchings.,
Persistence of Memories 1931 –

14. GOOD LUCK!!!