1. Vocabulary
Prototype: A preliminary sketch of an idea or model for something new. It’s the original drawing from which something real might be built or created.
Binary - A way of representing information using only two options.
Bit - A contraction of "Binary Digit". A bit is the single unit of information in a computer, typically represented as a 0 or 1.
Bandwidth - Transmission capacity measure by bit rate
Bit rate - (sometimes written bitrate) the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time. e.g. 8 bits/sec.
Latency - Time it takes for a bit to travel from its sender to its receiver.
Protocol - A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.
ASCII - ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange. ASCII is the universally recognized raw text format that any computer can understand.
code - (v) to write code, or to write instructions for a computer.
Protocol - A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.

2. U1L7 Encoding and Sending Formatted Text
CS Principles
U1L7 Encoding and Sending Formatted Text

3. U1L7: Encoding and Sending Formatted Text Objective
SWBAT:
Describe the ASCII encoding scheme.
Design/invent a protocol for sending formatted text using the Internet Simulator.
Invent a text formatting language.
Explain the connection between binary and more complex encodings of formatted text

4. U1L7 Vocab
ASCII - ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange. ASCII is the universally recognized raw text format that any computer can understand.
code - (v) to write code, or to write instructions for a computer.
Protocol - A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.

5. U1L7 Prompt:
In previous lessons we explored how to encode numbers in binary, and you also developed protocols for sending a list of numbers. Today we’re going to take that method one step further and look at how we can encode text with a binary representation. Hopefully you are beginning to realize that if we can figure out a way to represent information as a set of numbers, then we can encode it in bits and store that information in a computer or send it over the Internet.
“One of the most powerful uses of the internet is sending text to people. Since the internet can only send bits around we need a way to encode text with bits…”
PROMPT:
“If it were up to you, how would you encode text in binary? Quickly, jot down an idea for encoding text.”

6. ASCII Encoding
Then present the key components of this encoding scheme.
ASCII codes were originally 7 bits long and so there are 128 possible values.
0-31 are “control characters” that are largely defunct and go unused; they were formerly used to control various aspects of machines and printers.
are printable characters and include the numbers 0-9, all 26 letters (both lowercase and uppercase), and many common punctuation symbols.
127 is the symbol for delete.
Over time, 8 bits became a standard “chunk-size” for encoding information. ASCII made the transition to this 8-bit encoding by just adding an extra 0 to the front of the old 7-bit codes.

7. Formatted Text Protocol
Having a standardized protocol like ASCII to encode text enables us to send and receive textual information.
This is very useful, but there are still instances when we will want even greater expressive power in our digital communications.
“What if you wanted to send formatted text that included things like the ability to underline, bold, or italicize words....specify a different font size, or color?”
Things like this:
                                   

8. Develop a Protocol Your protocol must include:
bold, italics, and underlining
three different font sizes (large, medium, and small)
three different font colors (red, black, blue)
You will demonstrate that your protocol works by sending a message with the Internet Simulator
You will send a message and the recipient must be able to faithfully draw (or produce in some fashion) the formatted text, based only on the data she received. Here’s a sample message: