1. The War With Mexico
Chapter 9.4 

2. b. the president supported Texas claims A. Sidellls Rejection
l. Polk Urges War 
1.Hostilities between the US and Mexico arose due to the Texas Revolution in 1836 
       a. the two countries solved issues because of the instability of the    Mexican government and James K Polk's territorial aspirations
2. Polk believed war with Mexico would bring Texas, New Mexico, and California into the union.  
        b. the president supported Texas claims 
A. Sidellls Rejection 
       : Santa Anna was ousted as Mexico's president 
        : John Slidell was sent to Mexico to purchase California and New Mexico to gain approval for Mexico to buy California 
            a. Polk issued orders for Zachary Taylor to march to Rio Grande and blockade the river 
             b. Mexicans viewed this as a violation of rights
           Americans agreed with the idea of expansion 
Sectional Attitudes Toward War 
            > The idea of war was encouraged; others were not happy 
            >southerners saw the annexation as a time to expand slavery into the south and gain more power
             > William Proviso proposed the amendment prohibiting slavery in lands that might be gained from Mexico 
                                         > This attack on slavery solidified southern support for war 
             > northerner's opposed war 
             > Anti slavery Whigs saw war as an opportunuty to ensure southern dominance

3. II. The War Begins
       1. Taylor Leads His Troops Through Mexico's Alta California Province
       2. Mexico Responds back and Kills 9 US soldiers     
       3.  Polk Blames Mexico for Starting A War
       4.  US Declares War on Mexico, It's First Foreign Territory
   A. Kearny Marches West
       1. The Plan Is to seize New Mexico & California
       2. New Mexico Falls to the United States w/o a single shot
   B. The Republic of California
       1. 12,000 Mexicans migrated to CA Along with about 500 US settlers
       2. Polk's offer to buy California angered Mexican Gov.
       3. Fremont led settlers to seize the town of Sonoma
       4. The rebels from Mexico declared their independence with a grizzly bear on their flag
       5. Mexican troops left the US forces in control of California

4.    C.  The War in Mexico
        1. American Troops achieved victory after victory
        2.  American Soldiers served under Captains Robert E Lee, Ulysses S Grant and Generals Zachary Taylor and Winfield Scott
        3. Santa Anna makes a proposal to Polk
            a. Santa Anna will end the war if Polk sneaks him back to Mexico
            b.  Polk agrees but Santa Anna deceives him, takes back his army and orders an attack on US Troops
            c. Santa Anna's strategy failed and Scott's army continued to win battle after battle 

5. ll. America Gains the Spoils of War
   A. The war between America and Mexico toke about   28,000 lives.
     1. Of these 11,000 died of diseases
   B. The treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
     1. Signed by Mexico and U.S. on February 2, 1848
       a. Mex. Agreed to the Rio Grande border for Texas and ceded New Mexico and California
       b. U.S agreed to pay $15 million for Mexico cession
          1.) Included present day California, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and parts or most of Arizona, Colorado, and Wyoming   
    

6.       C. President Franklin Pierce authorizes emissary to pay Mexico another $10 million for Territory
         1. The emissary was James Gadsden 
         2. Territory was South of the Gila Rive
         3. Know as the Gadsden Treaty
            a. established borders of the lower 48 states
      D. Taylor's Election in 1848
         1. Democrats voted Lewis Cass
         2. Antislavery Democrats voted Martin Van Buren
         3. War Hero Zachary Taylor won the Election Easily with the Whig Party 
            a. victory overshadowed by prospect of gold           

7. IV. The California Gold Rush A. The Rush Begins
         1. Traveled to Sacramento Valley
         2. San Francisco Newspaper ,the Californian, suspended publication  
              a. an editorial complained the whole country "resounds with the sordid cry for gold, Gold, GOLD!
           3. The California migration number skyrocketed from 400 in 1848 to 44,000 in 1850
        
    

8. B. Impact Gold Fever 1. California became chaos 2
B. Impact Gold Fever 1. California became chaos 2. Ferries clogged San Francisco's harbor a. Ferries carried people, and supplies 3. The population exploded from 1,000 in 1848 to 35,000 in 1850

9. C. Gold rush brings diversity 1. California population was above 100
C. Gold rush brings diversity 1. California population was above The Chinese, Mexican, and free blacks 3. California won statehood in 1850