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Diabetes and Ramadan: Practical guidelines
Mohamed Hassanein, Monira Al-Arouj, Osama Hamdy, Wan Mohamad Wan Bebakar, Abdul Jabbar, Abdulrazzaq Al-Madani, Wasim Hanif, Nader Lessan, Abdul Basit, Khaled Tayeb, MAK Omar, Khalifa Abdallah, Abdulaziz Al Twaim, Mehmet Akif Buyukbese, Adel A. El-Sayed, Abdullah Ben-Nakhi Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice Volume 126, Pages (April 2017) DOI: /j.diabres Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions
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Fig. 1 Mean continuous glucose monitoring profiles before and during Ramadan in healthy subjects (A) and patients with diabetes (B) [14]. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice , DOI: ( /j.diabres ) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions
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Fig. 2 Recommended timings to check blood glucose levels during Ramadan fasting. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice , DOI: ( /j.diabres ) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions
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Fig. 3 Ramadan patient assessment flowchart. HCP, healthcare professional; SMBG, self-monitoring of blood glucose. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice , DOI: ( /j.diabres ) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions
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Fig. 4 Non-insulin dose modifications for patients with T2DM. *SU combination therapy OD – take at iftar and consider reducing the dose by 50%; **SU combination therapy BID – omit morning dose and take normal dose at iftar. BID, twice daily; DPP-4, dipeptidyl peptidase-4; GLP-1 RAs, glucagon-like protein-1 receptor agonists; OD, once daily; SGLT2, Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2; SU, sulphonylurea; TID, three times a day; TZD, thiazolidinedione; T2DM, Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice , DOI: ( /j.diabres ) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions
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Fig. 5 Insulin dose modifications for patients with diabetes. *Alternatively, reduced NPH dose can be taken at suhoor or at night; **adjust the insulin dose taken before suhoor; ***adjust the insulin dose taken before iftar. BG, blood glucose; BID, twice daily; NPH, neutral protamine Hagedorn; OD, once daily; TID, three times a day. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice , DOI: ( /j.diabres ) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions
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