1. The Election of 1860 The election of Abraham Lincoln prompted the
Southern states
to leave the Union

2. I. Free Soil Party Created
WHY?
Anti-slavery Democrats
A. Those against slavery spreading to the new territories
Free Speech! Free Labor! Free Men!

3. The “Know-Nothings” [The American Party]
Nativist - Anti-immigrants

4. II. Birth of the Republican Party, 1854
Northern Democrats.
Free-Soilers.
Know-Nothings.
Other opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

5. 1856 Presidential Election
*James Buchanan John C. Frémont Millard Fillmore Democrat (wins) Republican Whig

6. III. Dred Scott Decision - 1857
Slave who had once lived in free state sued for his freedom
A. Supreme Court ruled slaves not U.S. citizens, but are property

7. Dred Scott decision Supreme Court said: B.Southerners’ property
rights were protected
by the 5th Amendment
-1. Missouri Compromise was illegal
-Congress could not deprive Southerners of their property
-2. Congress had NO right to restrict slavery ANYWHERE in the U.S.

8. “They had no rights which the white man was bound to respect; and that the Negro might justly and lawfully be reduced to slavery for his benefit. He was bought and sold and treated as an ordinary article of merchandise and traffic, whenever profit could be made by it.”
Chief Justice
Roger B. Taney

10. IV. The Lincoln-Douglas Debates, 1858
A. Douglas -Popular Sovereignty
B. Lincoln - A House divided against itself, cannot stand.

11. V. John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry, 1859

12. Harpers Ferry, VA A. John Brown wanted to start a slave rebellion
Plan failed. B. Brown captured- becomes a martyr (someone who dies for a cause) to Northerners
C. Southerners think he’s a madman

14. VI. 1860 Presidential Election
Abraham Lincoln Republican
John Bell Constitutional Union
Stephen A. Douglas Northern Democrat
John C. Breckinridge Southern Democrat

15. A. REPUBLICANS B. DEMOCRATS 1. No Spread of Slavery &
Free Land
1. Could not agree on one
candidate
Douglass-Let Each State Decide
Breckinridge – Spread Slavery
Everywhere

16. 1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!

17. 1860
Election
Results

18. VII. Because Lincoln was elected . . .
A. 1st state to leave – South Carolina – Dec. 20, 1860
B. 6 states follow
C. Set up Confederate States of America
Capital city – Montgomery, AL
D. President Jefferson Davis sworn in Feb. 1861

19. Southerners believed North was so economically dependent on cotton, it would never risk war THEY WERE WRONG!

20. E. March 20, 1861 – President Lincoln
inaugurated