2. Bone structure

3. Osteon

4. Stem cells

5. Osteoclast progenitors

6. Osteoclast precursors

7. Osteoclasts

8. Osteoblasts

9. Osteocytes

10. Bone structure (1)

11. Bone structure (2)
New bone

12. Trabecular bone (1) Trabecular bone with resorption areas Normal
microcracks
Osteoporotic
trabecular
bone

13. Trabecular bone (2)

14. Bone remodeling cycle (1)
Endosteal sinus
Monocyte
Pre-osteoclast
Pre-osteoblast
Osteoclast
Osteoblast
Bone-lining cell
Osteocyte
Macrophage
Osteoid
New bone
Old bone

15. Bone remodeling cycle (2)
Endosteal sinus
Monocyte
Pre-osteoclast
Pre-osteoblast
Osteoclast
Macrophage
Osteoblast
Bone-lining cell
Osteocyte
Osteoid
New
bone
Old
bone

16. Bone remodeling cycle (3)
Pre-osteoblasts
Monocytes
Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
Osteocytes

17. Bone dimensions
100%
700%
400%
Bone size (length and diameter) influences bone strength

18. Bone properties Bone mass Micro-architecture Connectivity
Intrasic properties

19. Hydroxyapatite (1)

20. Hydroxyapatite (2)

21. Osteoporosis

22. Bone biopsies
Osteoporotic bone
Newly formed bone

23. Osteons
Osteons
Osteons with microcracks