2. WHAT IS PLAGIARISM?

3. WHAT IS PLAGIARISM?

4. WHAT IS PLAGIARISM? >PLAGIARIUS
DON’T STEAL: Plagiarism is use of another person’s work or ideas without
acknowledging the author.
Whether the work is published or unpublished, professional or amateur, graphic or digital, you must give credit to the source. Don’t copy or use an idea without citing the source.
GIVE CREDIT: If another’s work -words, phrases, ideas, opinions, designs, or facts- are used, credit must be given.
The source should be clearly indicated to enable researchers to differentiate their own thoughts
from others which must be cited.
CONSEQUENCES: Because plagiarism is actually theft of intellectual property,
it is considered a serious offense. In the corporate world such thefts are prosecuted, in the publishing world plagiarism can damage or end a career, and in the academic world it can result in the loss of a grade, dismissal from class, or even more serious penalties.
KNOW THE RULES: It does not matter whether using another’s work was intentional or unintentional. If you do so without credit, you are committing plagiarism (Bankhead, 2009).
Source: Bankhead, B., & Nichols, J. (2009). Write it!: A guide for research. Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited.

5. Giving Credit: Two types of Quotations
DIRECT QUOTATION: Which are your words and which belong to someone else?
At times you want to use the exact words of your source material. To do this, copy the information directly, word for word, from the sources. Make a note to yourself that it is a quotation and put quotation marks around the words.
An example:
 President John Fitzgerald Kennedy is well known for his inaugural address in which he said, “And so, my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you—ask what you can do for your country. My fellow citizens of the world, ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man” (Oxford, 1980, p. 121).
 INDIRECT QUOTATION: In your own words.
In his inaugural address, John F. Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States, urged the American people to take personal responsibility for improving their country. Concerned about the spread of communism, he exhorted people around the world to work toward freedom for all. (Oxford, 1980).
Source: The Oxford dictionary of quotations. (1980). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

6. STYLE GUIDES MLA - MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly Publishing
APA – Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association
CHICAGO – The Chicago Manual of Style
CSE – Council of Science Editors

7. APA STYLE CITATION Sources used are documented in two ways:
1. A short, parenthetical, in-text note or citation
-Author-date citation system
2. A complete citation is listed on the final page of the paper under
the title “Reference List” or “Bibliography.”
-The reference list at the end of a paper documents the paper and provides the information necessary to identify and retrieve each source.
-References (sources) are listed alphabetically.
-References cited in text must appear in the reference list; conversely, each entry in the reference list must be cited in text.
Source: Publication manual of the American Psychological Association. (5th ed.) Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

8. Giving Credit to Mrs. Rockwell
DRAGONS AROUND THE WORLD By Annice Rockwell
The dragon is a legendary beast in the folklore of many European and Asian cultures. Legends describe dragons as large, lizard-like creatures that breathe fire and have a long, scaly tail. In Europe, dragons are traditionally portrayed as ferocious beasts that represent the evils fought by human beings. But in Asia, especially in China and Japan, the animals are generally considered friendly creatures that ensure good luck and wealth.
Many European legends tell how a hero slew a dragon. For example, Apollo, a god of the ancient Greeks and Romans, once killed a dragon called Python. Saint George, the patron saint of England, rescued a princess from a dragon by slaying the beast with a lance.
According to some medieval legends, dragons lived in wild, remote regions of the world. Dragons guarded treasures in their dens, and a person who killed one supposedly gained its wealth. The English epic hero Beowulf died in a fight with a treasure-guarding dragon.
In China, the traditional New Year’s Day parade includes a group of people who wind through the street wearing a large dragon costume. The dragon’s image, according to an ancient Chinese belief, prevents evil spirits from spoiling the New Year. Another traditional Chinese belief is that certain dragons have the power to control the rainfall needed for each year’s harvest.
For Reference List:
Author: Annice Rockwell
Title: The illustrated guide to dragons
Place of Publication: Putnam, Connecticut
Publisher: Putnam Patriot Press
Date of Publication: 2016
Rockwell, A. (2016). The illustrated guide to dragons. Putnam, CT: Putnam Patriot Press.
(Actually taken from: Ardagh, P. (2002) Chinese myths & legends. Chicago: World Book.)

9. Giving Credit to Mrs. Rockwell
An example of a direct quotation with in-text citation:
As explained by mythology expert Annice Rockwell (2016), “the dragon is a legendary beast in the folklore of many European cultures. Legends describe dragons as large, lizard-like creatures that breathe fire and have a long, scaly tail. In Europe, dragons are traditionally portrayed as ferocious beasts that represent the evils fought by human beings” (p. 5).
Reference List Entry:
Rockwell, A. (2016). The illustrated guide to dragons. Putnam, CT: Putnam Patriot Press. Retrieved from

10. Giving Credit to Mrs. Goldstein-Schultz
An example of a direct quotation with in-text citation (a quotation should be block, indented style if more than 40 words):
In an article published in the Journal of Family & Consumer Sciences, Killingly High School teacher Martha Goldstein-Schultz (2016) wrote about the impact of school culture on the developing young adult: “Adolescents are bombarded daily with gender stereotypes from mass media, institutionalized school rituals, and peer pressure. The messages can have a profound influence on their emerging sense of identities” (p. 56).
Reference List Entry:
Goldstein-Schultz, M. (2016). The living gender curriculum: Helping FCS students analyze gender stereotypes. Journal of Family & Consumer Sciences. 108(3), doi # (or Retrieved from URL): /JFCS

11. DIGITAL OBJECT IDENTIFIER
What is a digital object identifier, or DOI?
A digital object identifier (DOI) is a unique alphanumeric string assigned by a registration agency (the International DOI Foundation) to identify content and provide a persistent link to its location on the Internet. The publisher assigns a DOI when your article is published and made available electronically.
All DOI numbers begin with a 10 and contain a prefix and a suffix separated by a slash. The prefix is a unique number of four or more digits assigned to organizations; the suffix is assigned by the publisher and was designed to be flexible with publisher identification standards.
We recommend that when DOIs are available, you include them for both print and electronic sources. The DOI is typically located on the first page of the electronic journal article, near the copyright notice. The DOI can also be found on the database landing page for the article.

12. Reference List (or Bibliography)
Bagshot, B. (1884). History of Hogwarts. Hogsmeade, Scotland: Medieval Press.
Goldstein-Schultz, M. (2016). The living gender curriculum: Helping FCS students analyze gender stereotypes. Journal of Family & Consumer Sciences, 108(3), doi: /JFCS
Jigger, A., & Chipping, L. M. (1945). Magical beasts of long ago. Salem, MA: Witchworks Press.
Rockwell, A. (2016). The illustrated guide to dragons. Putnam, CT: Putnam Patriot Press. Retrieved from
A world history of monsters. In Britannica Online. Retrieved from

13. SUMMARY Allow enough time to work on papers and projects.
Always give attribution for words or ideas that didn’t originate with you.
Use quotation marks and proper citation when you copy text directly.
If you are paraphrasing, use your own words to express the idea and cite the source.
Better to err on the side of too much attribution than too little.