1. Thalita Borges, Gabriela Garcia, Kimberly Germain, Hadiya Williams
Health Disparities: HIV/AIDS within the African American Community as Compared to the General Population in Massachusetts
Thalita Borges, Gabriela Garcia, Kimberly Germain, Hadiya Williams

2. What is HIV? HIV Stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus
A. A virus with no cure
B. A virus that gradually attacks the immune system by destroying a type of white blood cell, CD4 Cells (T-Helper Cells)
C. If left untreated, it can attack cells leaving the body unable to fight off infection and disease
D. All of the above
Mention two different types of HIV with a brief description

3. What is AIDS? Advanced HIV Infection
AIDS Stands for Aquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Advanced HIV Infection
CD4 Cell Count Drops Below 200 Cells/Milliliter of Blood
Could Lead to Death

4. What is a Health Disparity?
“The differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and burden of disease and other adverse health conditions that exist among specific population groups in the United States.”
-The National Institute of Health
Factors that contribute to a health disparity:
Inequalities in income and education
Environmental and economic conditions
Specific health behaviors and lifestyle patterns
Access to care
Quality of services

5. Higher Prevalence of STD
Why is HIV/AIDS a Health Disparity in African Americans in Massachusetts?
Incarceration
Higher Prevalence of STD
Access to Care
Socioeconomic Status
Stigma
HIV/AIDS is a major health crisis for African Americans from all ages, geographic locations, socioeconomic status, and sexaul orientations.

6. Massachusetts Demographics 2012
White population: 75.9 %
Minorities: 24.1 %
African Americans: 6.5%

7. HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Massachusetts by Race/Ethnicity
Thalita

8. White Population
Black Population

9. General Statistics regarding HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Black People in MA
Kim
GRAPH THIS ONE

10. Higher Prevalence of STDs
Thalita

11. Drug Treatment Programs Comfort Socioeconomic Status Location
LGBTQ Freindly?
Contact phil - head of special population, works with HIV patients,
Affordable care act? Romney: ASK MR LAYNE ABOUT SITE are-question.shtml
guide.pdf

12. Where do people go to get treatment?
-Not all areas have accessible HIV/AIDS Care Center
-Hyde Park
-34 % African American
-No treatment facility
These are some examples of HIV/AIDS treatment centers in Massachusetts

13. What is a socioeconomic status?
Socioeconomic Status Reflects the social standing or class of an individual or group. It is measured by income, education and occupation.
Socioeconomic status reflects the social standing or class of an individual or group. It is measured by income, education and occupation.
Ultimately effects where an individual lives and what resources an individual or group has access to
key factor in determining the quality of life for individuals after they are affected by the virus

14. Effects of Socioeconomic Status
-Affording health insurance
-Access to education
-Distance from healthcare facilities
-correlation between low SES and earlier death from HIV/AIDS
chapter-1.pdf
Having HIV prior to having health insurance does it make it higher ?
Kim

16. Stigmas
-Injection Drug Use
-Homosexuality
-Denial
-Prisons

17. Incarceration http://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/rates.html
Fourteen percent of cases (1,158) were homeless, incarcerated, or had missing address information

18. Conclusions
African Americans suffer from the largest HIV/AIDS Health Disparity in Massachusetts
Many factors contribute to HIV/AIDS being one of the most prevalent disparity in African Americans in Massachusetts
We Need to focus on these issues

19. What has been done? What can we do?
4 classes of antiretroviral drugs
28 different formulations of antiretroviral therapies
Clinical trials
Longer life expectancy
-Treat drug abuse differently
-Acknowledge multiple comorbidities
-Comprehensive Care
-Proactively Advocate
People are now living with this for years as long as their on these drugs → longer life expectancy
In the life expectancy at age 20 of an HIV-positive person was 19 years, in other words they could only expect to live, on average, in the absence of any improvement in treatment, till they were 39. By 2011, this had improved to 53 years, i.e. death on average at
What can we do?....
-Community-level interventions, in particular, would be ideal for these foci of high HIV prevalence.
-Structural interventions to improve socioeconomic conditions in these areas may reduce HIV infection rates.

20. References
HIV/AIDS. (n.d.). Retrieved June 16, 2016, from
Massachusetts - AIDSVu. (2012). Retrieved June 16, 2016, from
The Role of STD Prevention and Treatment in HIV Prevention. (2010, April). Retrieved June 16, 2017, from
Population estimates, July 1, 2015, (V2015). (2014). Retrieved June 16, 2016, from
Satcher, D., Pamies, R. J., & Woelfl, N. N. (2006). Multicultural medicine and health disparities. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Skala, L. (2014, May 28). Breaking Down Mass Incarceration in the 2010 Census: State by State Incarceration Rates by Race/Ethnicity. Retrieved June 16, 2016, from
Not too sure how to do the massgov ones
chapter-1.pdf