1. 10th World Sponge Conference Galway, 27th June 2017
Metagenomic binning of a marine sponge microbiome reveals unity in defense but metabolic specialization Slaby BM, Hackl T, Horn H, Bayer K, Hentschel U

2. Genome sequencing of sponge symbionts
Highly diverse microbiome of marine (HMA) sponges
Low number of sequenced representatives
Cultivation-independent methods necessary
rRNA genes often missing from metagenomic bins
 an issue of short read length?
Schmitt et al. (2012)
Beate Slaby | 10th World Sponge Conference | Galway 2017

3. Our approach
Metagenomic hybrid assembly of Illumina short-read and PacBio long-read sequences
Untargeted binning
Statistical comparison to reference genomes of free-living bacteria
Statistical comparison within symbionts
Beate Slaby | 10th World Sponge Conference | Galway 2017

4. Our approach Beate Slaby | 10th World Sponge Conference | Galway 2017
PacBio read correction:
proovread(-meta)
Assembly: SPAdes
Mapping: bowtie2
Binning: CONCOCT
Beate Slaby | 10th World Sponge Conference | Galway 2017

5. Improvement by long-read sequencing
Illumina-only
Illumina-PacBio hybrid
MG-RAST ID
mgm
mgm
Contig number (≥ 1 000 bp)
110 609
31 187
Size (Mb)
490
301
N50
8 958
33 831
N75
2 873
12 184
L50
8 886
1 980
L75
34 979
5 726
CDSs
509 054
289 685
Bin number
217
137
> 90% completeness (with 16S rRNA gene)
25 (12)
26 (22)
85-90% completeness (with 16S rRNA gene)
12 (4)
6 (6)
70-85% completeness (with 16S rRNA gene)
5 (0)
5 (4)
Slaby et al. (2017) ISME J
Beate Slaby | 10th World Sponge Conference | Galway 2017

6. Phylogenetic placement of symbiont bins
Slaby et al. (2017) ISME J
Beate Slaby | 10th World Sponge Conference | Galway 2017

7. Sponge symbiont-enriched networks
Slaby et al. (2017) ISME J
Beate Slaby | 10th World Sponge Conference | Galway 2017

8. Binning allows correlations of phylogeny with function
Slaby et al. (2017) ISME J
Beate Slaby | 10th World Sponge Conference | Galway 2017

9. Within-symbionts comparison
Slaby et al. (2017) ISME J
Beate Slaby | 10th World Sponge Conference | Galway 2017

10. The 20 COGs contributing most to the grouping
carnitine metabolism
metabolism of sulfated polysaccarides
Slaby et al. (2017) ISME J
Beate Slaby | 10th World Sponge Conference | Galway 2017

11. Summary Sponge symbionts are enriched in:
Restriction-modification systems
Toxin-antitoxin systems
Host colonization related features
Extracellular matrix utilization features
Sponge symbionts are specialized into three metabolic guilds:
carnitine metabolism
sulfated polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolic generalists
Slaby et al. (2017) ISME J
Beate Slaby | 10th World Sponge Conference | Galway 2017

12. Acknowledgements Collaborators Funding Thomas Hackl (MIT)
Monika Bright (Vienna)
Tanja Woyke (DOE JGI)
Frank Förster, Thomas Dandekar (Würzburg)
Marine Biology Station Piran
Funding
Horizon2020 „SponGES“
GSLS (Würzburg)
DOE JGI
GlaxoSmithKline-Travel Grant
Beate Slaby | 10th World Sponge Conference | Galway 2017