1. Wednesday, Sept. 17 Take your seat Take out your notebook
Precious Time
Add in Cornell questions and interactions
Highlight important information
Answer essential questions
Work on Title Page

2. Today’s Agenda Precious Time
Notes: “The English and Counter Reformations”
Homework: Prepare for discussions
Finish reading and terms assigned yesterday
Be sure your Document packets are completed

3. The English and Counter Reformations
Chapter 11

4. Today’s Essential Question
What were the causes and effects of the English and Counter Reformations?

5. Preconditions
England had a reputation for maintaining the rights of the crown over the pope.
There were already many secret Protestants.
Lollardy, Humanism, anti-clerical sentiments were widespread, laying the foundation for the English Reformation.

6. Henry VIII Initially supported the Pope against Luther.
Named “Defender of the Faith” by Pope
1527 Henry asked for a divorce from Catherine of Aragon – pope denied this
The Kings Affair – obtaining a divorce, pope was against this
It was suggested that he declare himself supreme in English spiritual affairs, which would solve his problem.

7. “Reformation Parliament”
clergy put under authority of
January 1531, was made head of the church in England.
1532, published grievances against the church
1534, ended payments to Rome &gave Henry sole jurisdiction over ecclesiastical appointments.
1534, Supremacy Act - Henry VIII named Supreme Head of English Church
In 1529 Parliament convened for what would be a seven year session.
Henry retained most of the ritual and doctrinal trappings of Catholicism – beginning of religious turmoil in England

8. Edward VI
When Henry died, his 10 year old son , Edward VI, took over the throne.
Ruled under several regencies.
Enacted a series of reforms, bringing the Church of England more in line with Protestant England.
In 1553 Edward died, leaving his Catholic half-sister Mary as queen - She reinstated Catholicism.

9. The Counter-Reformation
Even before the Reformation, Catholics had begun to make efforts at reforms, but they were squashed.
Reformation lead to new religious orders in the Catholic Church.
1524, Theatines to groom church leaders
1528, the monastic Capuchins
The Jesuits were the most successful of the reform movements.
Founded by Ignatius Loyola in the 1530s, recognized in 1540.
Based on a military model, “soldiers of Christ.”
Preached self-mastery through discipline, self-sacrifice and obedience

10. Today’s Agenda Finish FN: “ The English and Counter Reformation”
Small Group Discussions – PDP 2
Venn Diagram – English Vs. German Ref.
Homework: Prepare for discussions
Finish Venn Diagram
Read pages
Develop one level 2 question for each section of reading.

11. Council of Trent (1545–1563)
The success of the Reformation forced the Church to call general council, in order to reassert doctrine.
the pope appointed liberal theologian Gaspar Contarini to head a reform commission.
The council was strictly under the pope’s control. Its most important reforms concerned internal discipline.
Bishops needed to be preach regularly and spend time in their dioceses.
Priests were required to be neatly dressed, educated and strictly celibate.

12. Council of Trent Con’t…
No doctrinal concessions were made to the Protestants.
They reaffirmed many key doctrines such as:
The role of good works
The authority of tradition
Indulgences
Rulers initially resisted the reforms, but eventually the new legislation took hold