1. The
Scientific
Revolution

2. What is a Revolution?

3. The Scientific Revolution
Causes:
Renaissance
Exploration
Questioning and Education

4. Before the Scientific Revolution…
Ptolemy
( A.D.)
Ptolemy’s geocentric model of the solar system:
Earth
Moon
Mercury
Venus
Sun
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Notice, the Earth is first, and not the sun, as it should be.

5. Nicolaus Copernicus Copernicus’ model of the solar system: Sun Moon
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Notice, the sun is first, not the Earth, as Ptolemy believed.

6. The Copernican Heliocentric Model

7. Tycho Brahe Astronomer Proved Copernican Theory
Astronomical Observatory

8. Johannes Kepler Tycho Brahe’s Assistant German
Three Laws of Planetary Motion

9. Galileo Galilei Italian Astronomer First Telescope Laws of Motion
Acceleration Experiment
Laws of Inertia
Recanted
Cristiano Banti's 1857 painting Galileo facing the Roman Inquisition

11. The Scientific Method State the problem Collect information
Form a hypothesis
Test the hypothesis
Record & analyze data
State a conclusion
Repeat steps 1 – 6

12. Sir Isaac Newton Influential Scientist Existence of Gravity
Laws of light and color
Laws of Motion
Calculus

13. According to a popular story, Newton saw an apple fall from a tree, and wondered if the force that pulled the apple to the Earth also controlled the movement of the planets. Newton argued that nature followed laws.

14. Francis Bacon
Philosopher
Inductive Method
Modern Scientific Method

15. René Descartes
French
Deductive Reasoning
“I think, therefore I am”

16. Robert Boyle Individual elements Chemical compounds
Chemistry
Individual elements
Chemical compounds
Boyle’s law reveals interaction of volume, temperature, and gas pressure.

17. Robert Boyle’s first air pump

18. William Harvey Andreas Vesalius Edward Jenner Medicine English
Andreas Vesalius improves knowledge of anatomy
Dissected human corpses
William Harvey
Medicine
English
Circulation of blood
Andreas Vesalius
Edward Jenner produces world’s first vaccination—for smallpox
Edward Jenner

19. 1802 caricature of Jenner vaccinating patients who feared it would make them sprout cow like appendages.

20. The Scientific Revolution Spreads
Scientific Instruments
Scientists develop microscope, barometer, and thermometer
New instruments lead to better observations and new discoveries
Jansen microscope
Fahrenheit thermometer
Torricelli simple mercury barometer