1. Chapter One Introducing Windows Server 2008
MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # )
Chapter One
Introducing Windows Server 2008

2. Objectives
Distinguish among the different Windows Server 2008 editions based on organizational needs
Describe Windows Server 2008 hardware requirements
Discuss reasons for migrating from Windows Server 2003 to Server 2008
Describe new Windows Server 2008 enhancements
Describe Windows Server 2008 roles and features

3. Objectives (cont’d.)
Describe the basic planning phases for a Windows Server 2008 implementation
Provide an overview of the primary application infrastructure tools and capabilities of Windows Server 2008

4. Windows Server Editions
Three general editions of Windows Server 2008
Standard
Enterprise
Datacenter
Additional special-purpose editions
Web Server
High-Performance Computing (HPC)
All editions except HPC available in 32 and 64-bit
Installation options include full installation and Server Core

5. Windows Server 2008 Standard Edition
Designed for smaller networks and single-purpose installations
Suitable for small business networks and special purposes in large business networks
Works as single domain server or single file/application server
Common supported features in Standard edition
File and Print Services
Internet Information Services (IIS) 7.0

6. Windows Server 2008 Standard Edition (cont’d.)
Common supported features in Standard edition (cont’d.)
Active Directory
Distributed and Encrypting File Systems
Management Tools
Network load balancing

7. Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Edition
Includes more functionality and has increased cost compared to Standard edition
Additional features included in Enterprise edition
Increased maximum allowable memory
Active Directory Federation Services
Failover clustering
Installation of up to four virtual machines per physical host
Hot-add memory

8. Windows Server 2008 Datacenter Edition
Includes all features of Enterprise edition with some additional capabilities
Additional features in Datacenter edition
Ability to run up to 32 processors
Ability to hot-add and replace processors
Installation of unlimited virtual machines per physical host

9. Windows Web Server 2008
Provides an operating system designed as a single-purpose Web server
Available as a 32-bit and 64-bit operating system
Server roles not available in Web Server edition
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
Domain Name System (DNS)
File server
Web server does not require client access licenses for users

10. Windows HPC Server 2008
Designed to accommodate numerous processing cores
Built on 64-bit architecture
Designed to support:
Desktop applications
High-performance applications
Fault tolerant clusters
SQL Server used as the repository for the Job Scheduler

11. Windows Server 2008 Edition Server Role Comparison
Table 1-1 Windows Server 2008 server role comparison (continues)

12. Table 1-1 Windows Server 2008 server role comparison (cont’d.)

13. Windows Server 2008 Hardware Requirements
Microsoft provides minimum and recommended hardware requirements
Minimum requirements will support only the basic system
Organizations will typically need at least the recommended hardware requirements, if not more
Organizations should plan for current and future hardware requirements

14. Table 1-2 Microsoft hardware requirements for Windows Server 2008

15. Activity 1-1: Installing Windows Server 2008
This activity steps through installing Windows Server 2008, version R2
Insert the Windows Server 2008 R2 DVD in the DVD drive and restart the computer
If prompted, boot from the DVD
The installation program begins
Confirm that the time, currency format, and keyboard layout is correct (Figure 1-1)
Click Next

16. Figure 1-1 Install Windows – language and other preferences
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17. Activity 1-1: Installing Windows Server 2008 (cont’d.)
Steps (cont’d.)
Click Install now (Figure 1-2) and enter the product key for activation
Click Next
If you did not enter a product key, a message appears asking if you want to enter a product key (Figure 1-3)
Click No to Install without a product key
Select the edition of Windows that you purchased (Figure 1-4)

18. Figure 1-2 Install Windows – install now
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19. Figure 1-3 Install Windows – product key
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20. Figure 1-4 Install Windows – select edition
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21. Activity 1-1: Installing Windows Server 2008 (cont’d.)
Steps (cont’d.)
Read the Microsoft software license terms
Click I accept the license terms box (Figure 1-5)
Click Next
Select which type of installation you want (Figure 1-6)
Click Custom (advanced)
Select where you want to install Windows
Click the Drive options (advanced) link to display partitioning options (Figure 1-7)

22. Figure 1-5 Install Windows – license terms
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23. Figure 1-6 Install Windows – installation type
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24. Figure 1-7 Install Windows – drive options
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25. Activity 1-1: Installing Windows Server 2008 (cont’d.)
Steps (cont’d.)
Windows begins installing Windows Server 2008
The system will restart one or more times during the installation process
Follow any instructions that appear onscreen
When prompted, enter a password and click the arrow to submit the new password (Figure 1-8)
Click OK when alerted that the password has changed

26. Figure 1-8 Windows Server 2008 login screen
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27. Activity 1-1: Installing Windows Server 2008 (cont’d.)
Steps (cont’d.)
When Windows Server 2008 starts for the first time, the Initial Configuration Tasks window displays
Installation process is streamlined
Many of the tasks that were required to be entered during the installation process are now available through the Initial Configuration Tasks window (Figure 1-9)

28. Figure 1-9 Initial configuration tasks screen
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29. Activity 1-1: Installing Windows Server 2008 (cont’d.)
Steps (cont’d.)
Click the task you want to configure
If you do not want the Initial Configuration Tasks window to display when Windows Server 2008 starts, check the Do not show this window at logon check box
Click Close when finished configuring tasks

30. Migrating from Server 2003 to Server 2008
Decision to migrate
Based on various factors including performance, reliability, and security
Organizations seeking an improved applications server will be quicker to migrate to Server 2008
Replace member servers as an initial migration path
Eventually upgrade entire network

31. Windows Server 2008 Enhancements
Improved installation process
Hyper-V
Server Core
TCP/IP improvements
Network Access Protection
Server Manager
Windows Remote Management
PowerShell
Group policy management
Failover clustering

32. Improved Installation Process
Streamlined installation requiring minimal user input
Does not ask for networking information or regional settings
Settings can be provided through the Initial Configuration Tasks window
Initial Configuration Tasks window
Specify computer information, update and customize the server

33. Hyper-V Virtualization
Conserves system resources
Enables one or more separate instances of an operating system to run on a single server system
Organizations can consolidate multiple systems into a high-powered server
Hyper-V: server virtualization capability provided in Windows Server 2008

34. Server Core Minimal command-line installation of Windows Server 2008
Designed to provide a hardened, secure system
Minimizes exposure and vulnerabilities to security breaches
As a role, Server Core can be installed on Standard, Enterprise, and Datacenter editions
Select during initial installation of operating system
To change from Server Core to the Full version
Reinstall the operating system

35. TCP/IP Improvements Key features of the TCP/IP implementation
Next-Generation TCP/IP stack
Supports IP version 4 (IPv4) and IP version 6 (IPv6)
Teredo
IPv6 technology that encapsulates IPv6 packets as IPv4 packets to send across IPv4 networks

36. Network Access Protection (NAP)
Protects network from malware
Helps ensure security policy (health policy) is enforced within the computers connected to the network
Example: if user turns off the Windows Firewall on a NAP-compatible client, local health policy turns it back on

37. Server Manager
Server Manager console centralizes the server management roles
Major Server Manager categories
Roles
Features
Diagnostics
Configuration
Storage

38. Windows Remote Management
New feature in Windows Server 2008
Enables remote administration of the server
Administrators can remotely run management scripts and manage data on remote machines
WS-Management protocol handles connections
Not vendor specific
Many features similar to previous versions’ Windows Management Instrumentation

39. PowerShell Powerful command-line interface and full scripting language
Used for administrative tasks
First introduced in Microsoft Exchange Server 2007 as the Exchange Management Shell
Enables stringing commands together
Passing results of one command to another command (pipelining)
Results passed as .NET objects

40. Group Policy Management
Enhancements in Windows Server 2008
Group Policy preferences
Preferences applied but not enforced
More settings and options are available
Applications can have network location awareness
Policy can allow access to an application from one location but not another

41. Failover Clustering
Enables organizations to provide high-availability for services and applications
Used for services and applications that cannot afford downtime
Examples: file and print services, servers, enterprise level databases

42. Windows Server 2008 Roles and Features
Major server function or service
Feature
Added to enhance or support a role
Can also provide a standalone service

43. Roles in Server 2008 Categories of roles
Active Directory roles
Network roles
Infrastructure roles
Active Directory roles provide integrated management of internal and external resources
Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS)
Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS)

44. Roles in Server 2008 (cont’d.)
Active Directory roles (cont’d.)
Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS)
Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services (AD LDS)
Active Directory Rights Management Services (AD RMS)
Network roles
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
Domain Name System (DNS)

45. Roles in Server 2008 (cont’d.)
Network roles (cont’d.)
Network Policy and Access Services
Infrastructure roles
Remote Desktop Services
Fax Services
Print Services
File Services
Hyper-V
Universal Description, Discover, and Integration (UDDI) Services

46. Roles in Server 2008 (cont’d.)
Infrastructure roles (cont’d.)
Web Server / Internet Information Services (IIS)
Windows Deployment Services (WDS)

47. Additional New Features in Windows Server 2008
.NET 3.0 Framework
Windows Desktop Experience
BitLocker Drive Encryption
Network load balancing clusters
Remote server administration tools
Windows Server Backup features
NTFS improvements
Hot-swap
Server Message Block 2.0

48. Additional New Features in Windows Server 2008 (cont’d.)
Session Manager Subsystem
User Profiles
Quality Windows Audio Video Experience
Subsystem for UNIX-based Applications
Windows Process Activation Service
Security features

49. Planning Windows Server 2008 Networks
Typical phases of planning and implementing a Windows Server 2008 network
Project initiation
Project planning
Project execution
Project monitoring and control
Project closing

50. Project Initiation Identify project needs
Business goals and objectives
Information technology goals and objectives that support them
Choose needed services and features

51. Project Planning Develop a project plan
Defines project scope
Outlines needed tasks
Specifies needed resources
Includes a timeline
Defines personnel to participate in the design and deployment teams
Must understand existing environment
Network diagrams, documentation, configurations

52. Project Execution Acquire hardware, software, and other resources
Create a lab environment to configure and test the implementation plan
Prior to implementation on the actual network
Revise implementation plan based on findings from lab environment
Implement in production environment
Ensure applications and services have been thoroughly tested
Develop user and administrator training plan

53. Project Monitoring and Control
Ensure tasks are being conducted:
On schedule
Within budget
Using scheduled resources
Monitoring from a technical perspective
Ensure Server 2008 is optimally configured
Ensure no conflicts exist with other systems and applications
Checkpoints define when a rollback plan will be executed in case of unexpected problems

54. Project Closing Project management perspective Technical perspective
Closing activities ensure tasks were conducted within allotted timeframe and budget
Resources utilized efficiently
Record deviations from plan to adjust future projects
Technical perspective
Analyze and verify test results to ensure system performs as expected
Document performance measures and benchmarks

55. Project Closing (cont’d.)
Business perspective
Compare implementation results with business goals and objectives
Conduct after-action review
Record successful aspects
Identify areas that need improvement

56. Overview of Primary Application Infrastructure Tools and Capabilities
Composed of Windows Server 2008 systems with Application Server role configured
When Application Server role installed, Application Server Foundation is installed
Primary Application Server Foundation Components
Windows Communication Foundation (WCF)
Windows Workflow Foundation (WF)
Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF)

57. Windows Server 2008 Windows Deployment Services (WDS)
Combines tools, features, and functionality of previous versions with new features of Windows Server 2008
New features
Support for current operating system images
Capability to deploy images using multicast communications
Support for 32-bit and 64-bit deployments
Enhanced functionality for boot and installation image media (.wim extension)

58. Windows Server 2008 Storage Services
Disks can be defined as:
Basic or dynamic
Master Boot Record (MBR)
GUID Partition Table (GPT)
Multiple dynamic disks can be used to create fault-tolerant volumes
Server 2008 supports software-based mirrored volumes and RAID Level 5
Storage Area Network capability allows diskless servers to boot from SAN disks

59. Windows Server 2008 Remote Desktop Services
Enables clients to remotely connect to a server
Remotely run applications
Remote administration
Clients connect through the Remote Desktop Connection client

60. Windows Server 2008 Web Services
Enhancements to IIS 7.0 as Web server and application platform
Web Server modular service role provides primary Web server functionality
Support for common HTTP functionality
Application Development role
Enables creating and hosting Web applications

61. Windows Server 2008 Network Application Services
Windows Media Services
Free, optional tool to enable digital media streaming
Can be installed on Server Core
AD RMS
Provides Digital Rights Management capability
Restricts managing, transmitting, and viewing data
Windows Sharepoint Services 3.0
Collaboration and document management capability
Includes document libraries, lists, creation of sites and workspaces, Web pages, and more

62. Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V Virtualization
Virtualization environment interacts directly with system’s hardware layer
Eliminates many previous system bottlenecks caused by virtualized environment dependence on the host operating system
Virtualization allows organization to save resources
Consolidating multiple system environments on one hardware platform

63. Windows Server 2008 for High-Availability
Failover clustering
Services and applications running on a failed node can be taken offline and moved to a different node
Network load balancing
Balances server requests across multiple servers
Capability can be configured quickly

64. Summary Microsoft offers different editions of Server 2008
Organizations will typically need at least the recommended hardware requirements
Windows Server provides many enhancements and improved technologies:
To support network administrators and improve server functionality
Windows Server 2008 roles are organized into Active Directory, Network, and Infrastructure roles

65. Summary (cont’d.) New features in Microsoft Server 2008 include:
.NET 3.0 Framework
Group Policy Management enhancements
Remote server administration tools
Windows PowerShell
NTFS improvements
Hyper-V Virtualization
Windows Process Activation Service
Enhanced security features