1. Legacies of the Great war
Lesson 12
Legacies of the Great war
lectures.html
lectures.html
History, Geopolitics and International Affairs

2. Allied Occupation Zones
Occupation of Germany
Allied Occupation Zones

3. U.S. artillerymen cross the Rhine River for occupation duty
Occupation of Germany
U.S. artillerymen cross the Rhine River for occupation duty
Late November 1918

4. The Cost of War

5. The Cost of War
Participants Deaths
US 4,744, ,000

6. The Cost of War
All Nations
By number of dead

7. The Cost of War
All Nations
By percent mobilized

8. The Cost of War Somme American Cemetery
Tyne Cote Cemetery (Ypres) Belgium
Somme American Cemetery

9. The Cost of War Douaumont Ossuary Verdun
Contains the bones of an estimated 130,000 unidentified French and German soldiers

10. Influences on World War II
Seeds of the Next War
Influences on World War II
Versailles Treaty
Lessons of World War I
Great Depression

11. Treaty of Versailles Extremely harsh conditions
• Significant territorial concessions
• Huge reparations
• Severe limitations on military
• German admission of responsibility for war

12. Europe After World War I
Animated map: Click to open in Web browser.

13. Treaty of Versailles Florida Holocaust Museum

14. Treaty of Versailles Reparations
• 269 billion gold marks ( £ 24 billion)
• Later reduced to 132 B gold marks ( £ 6.6 B)
• Equivalent to $284 B (based on CPI)*
Many feel this led to the economic collapse of the 1920’s that sewed the seeds of Fascism
* 2005

15. Great Depression Crash of 1929 Treaty of Versailles Reparations Cycle
Germany Pays Reparations
To Britain & France
Great Depression
Crash of 1929
US Banks
Britain, France
Loan Money to Germany
Pay War Debts to US Banks

16. Treaty of Versailles Military Provisions
• German army restricted to 100,000 men (long term contract)
• No conscription or training
• No tanks or heavy artillery
• Navy limited to 15,000 men
• 6 small battleships, 6 cruisers, 12 destroyers, no U-boats
• No air force

17. Treaty of Versailles War Guilt Clause
``The Allied and Associated Governments affirm, and Germany accepts, the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage to which the Allied and Associated Governments and their nationals have been subjected as a consequence of the war imposed upon them by the aggression of Germany and her allies.''
Article 231

18. Treaty of Versailles (31:47 – 37:27)
"The Circle of Modern War" and logo
© Thomas D. Pilsch

19. WW II: Causes & Consequences
Next:
Lesson 13
WW II: Causes & Consequences
History, Geopolitics and International Affairs