1. Chapter 11: Water

2. 3/27/17 Warm Up What is water conservation?
Why is it important to “conserve” water? What does that even mean?

3. Your new unit…
Your next unit will consist of several different mini-projects
Your Water Mini-Project will be to design your own water filter. You will write your procedures as well as your lab reports. This will count as a test grade
You will have a test NEXT week over Chapters 11 and 12

4. The Water Cycle… Remember the water cycle:
Evaporation
Condensation
Precipitation
Fresh water is a limited resource
Why??

5. Water Surface water: River systems: a network of streams and rivers
Lakes
Rivers
Streams
Wetlands
River systems: a network of streams and rivers
Watershed: land area drained by river

6. Water Groundwater (GW): Water found below earth’s surface
Water table/Aquifer

7. Water Aquifer: holds gw Porosity: pores in rocks
Permeability: ability of water to flow through rocks/soil
Recharge Zone: Where water re-enters aquifer

8. Water Wells: Wells dug to reach gw Many wells are self-purified
However, wells and gw can become contaminated

9. Water Use and Management
Think of all the ways we use water…

10. Water Use Global: Residential: Industrial Use Agricultural Use
Drinking
Cooking
Washing
Toilet Flushing
Watering Lawns
Washing Cars

11. Water Treatment As mentioned, water can become contaminated
Water has to be made potable, or drinkable
Toxins frequently removed:
Mercury
Lead** (actual elemental lead, pencil lead is NOT elemental lead)
Arsenic
Pathogens:
Bacteria
Viruses
Protozoa

12. Water Use: Industrial Water Use: Agricultural Water Use:
Accounts for 19% of water used worldwide
Agricultural Water Use:
Accounts for 67% of water use worldwide

13. Water Management…
Humans have been altering streams and rivers for thousands of years
Large cities are usually found near a major water source
Aqueducts were engineered by Romans and are still used
Dams are used as water and power sources

15. Water Conservation at Home
What are some steps we can take to conserve water at home?

16. Water Conservation at Home
Install low-flow toilets and shower-heads
Water lawns at night
Have a xeriscaped landscape
Wash only full loads of laundry and dishes

17. Water Shortages Freshwater is a much needed resource
We have to use desalination techniques to provide more freshwater (take salt away from the freshwater)
This process is very costly and most developing countries cannot afford it
Water transportation:
Using ships to transport water
Moving glaciers to use water

18. Homework for tonight/now
11.1 and 11.2 (1-6) due Thursday
Finish vocabulary for Ch. 11 (due tomorrow)
Tomorrow: We will get 11.3 notes and look at designing an experiment

19. Section 11.3

20. Water Pollution When water quality is degraded by: Chattanooga Creek
Biological
Chemical
Physical agents
Chattanooga Creek
EPA “Superfund” Site

21. Two types of water pollution…
Point-source Pollution:
Nonpoint-source Pollution:

22. Activity… Split into groups
Look at picture (Please don’t write on it!)
Make 3 columns to:
-Identify areas of potential pollution
Explain if it is point-source or non point-source
List any and all words you may not know or understand

24. Wastewater Where does water go when it goes down the drain?
Wastewater contains waste from homes/industries
A wastewater treatment plant is filtered and treated to make the water clean enough to return to a river or lake
Sewage Sludge: The solid matter that is left behind after water treatment
This in itself is a problem
The sludge is toxic, so what do we do with it?

25. Warm Ups 3/28/17
What are some examples of biological, chemical, and physical pollutants that can get into waterways?
Explain the difference between point-source and nonpoint-source pollution.

26. Artificial Eutrophication
Phosphates and Nitrates from fertilizers cause “artificial” eutrophication
Algal blooms
No light gets through plants can’t make O2  fish can’t get O2  fish die

27. Thermal Pollution
When the temperature of a lake, river, or stream increases, this can occur
Nuclear Power Plant run off can cause this
Fish kills can occur here too

28. Groundwater Pollution
Pesticides
Herbicides
Chemical fertilizers
Petroleum products
Underground storage tanks/faulty liners can lead to groundwater pollution, leaky pipelines
Some molecules are hydrophilic

29. Ocean Pollution It is not illegal to dump garbage into the ocean
Most ocean pollution comes from land activities
Oil Spills:
Exxon Valdez
Gulf of Mexico

30. Water Pollution and Ecosystems
Pollution can cause immediate ecosystem damage
It can also cause damage via biomagnification
Mercury
DDT
Clean Water Act: passed in 1972; Cuyahoga River

31. Assignment:
Pg. 293: 1-2; For #2, you must write an evidence based editorial
Graphic organizer (pgs will help):
Make a timeline summarizing Table 6 on pg. 313; Don’t copy word for word. Just the general idea behind the laws.
Residential
Industrial
Agricultural
Characteristics:
Water Conservation

32. Warm Up 3/29/17
How do fertilizers contribute to artificial eutrophication?
How does biomagnification negatively affect fishes and other organisms?

33. Lab today:
Water filter construction
Testing of water
Lab Report