1. 9 Youth and Community Sport C H A P T E R
Marlene A. Dixon, University of Texas at Austin
Jennifer E. Bruening, University of Connecticut
Chapter 9

2. Origins and History of Community Sport in North America
General trends in community sport history
Native communities in North America
European North Americans
Sporting fraternity in urban centers
Arrival of voluntary sport clubs
Growth and governance of sport and physical activity

3. Youth Sport History Examples
YMCA, YWCA, PAL, Pop Warner Football, CYO
Little League Baseball/Softball, Canadian Royal Legion
Definitions and variations of organized youth sport
Recent developments and influences

4. Youth Sport Questions
Should the focus be educational or elite sport development?
Who should govern youth sport?
Who has access to the different kinds of sport opportunities?

5. Youth Sport Sidebars Job Opportunities in Youth Sport
Up2Us:
Playworks:
Service Learning Through UConn’s Husky Sport
UCONN’s Husky Sport:

6. Definition of Community Sport
Organized physical activity based in . . .
Community
School
Local sport organizations
Encompasses both . . .
Recreational sport
Competitive sport

7. Sampling of Community Sport Organizations in North America
YMCA: Police Athletic League: Amateur Athletic Union: United States Swimming: National Alliance for Youth Sports:

8. Emphasis on the Participant
Differences between sport for the spectator or consumer and sport for participants
Management concerns involving community sport
(continued)

9. Emphasis on the Participant (continued)
Benefits of sport participation
Numerous physical benefits as well as benefits to individuals, families, and communities
Quality of life
Family life
Sense of community and social capital

10. Size and Scope of Community Sport
Difficult to estimate number of participants
Millions in the U.S. and Canada participate at recreational and competitive levels
Sporting Goods Manufacturers Association
Participation numbers
Trends in increasing and decreasing demand

11. Table 9.2

12. Types of Community Sport Organizations
Similarities, differences in sport systems
Canadian sport organizations
Community sport almost exclusively offered through sport clubs
U.S. sport organizations
Community sport offered through various organizations: public, private, for-profit, not-for-profit

13. International Sidebar
Youth Olympic Sport Development in China
Goals
Systematic feeder system
Schools with traditions in designated sports
Sports schools
International learning activities

14. Management Challenges
Structure and delivery systems are varied
Governance of community and youth sport
Professional human resource management model
Begins with planning
Recruiting, selecting volunteers and paid personnel
Training and development

15. Adult Community Sport Offerings
Classes: instructional sessions to enhance skill and fitness level
Leagues: organized forms of ongoing sport competition
Tournaments: organized forms of sport over days and weeks

16. Youth Sport Offerings
Organized activities are typically structured as classes, instructional leagues, competitive leagues, and after-school programs
Other private and nonprofit organizations
Offer programming
Subscribe to sport-based youth development model

17. Practical Application
Critical thinking in community sport
Ethics in community sport

18. Three Review Questions
What are the goals and outcomes associated with each youth and community sport sector?
How is access to youth and community sport a complex issue in different communities?
What challenges exist in managing youth and community sport? How would you meet those challenges?