1. World Meteorological Organization
Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems Demonstration Project - Concept By
Maryam Golnaraghi, Ph.D.
Chief, Natural Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Programme

2. International Attention on Early Warning Systems with “Multi-Hazard” Approach
First International Early Warning Conferences (Postdam, 1998)
Second World Summit on Sustainable Development (Johannesburg, 2002)
Johannesburg Plan of Implementation
Second International Early Warning Conferences (Bonn, 2003)
Platform for Promotion of Early Warnings
World Conference on Disaster Reduction (Kobe, January 2005)
Hyogo Framework for Action
G8 Summit and UN General Assembly (2005, 2006)
Global Early Warning Survey (2006)
Third International Early Warning Conference (Bonn, March 2006)
WMO Symposium on Multi-Hazard EWS for Integrated Disaster Management (Geneva, May 2006)
First Session of Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction (biannual meeting 5-7 June 2007)

3. Request from EC-LVIII (1/2)
To document and share successful cases of NMHSs in the prevention and mitigation of meteorological-, hydrological and climate-related disasters, focusing on their efforts in combining their warning services with the disaster prevention and preparedness operations organized by governments, which played a vital role in reducing the loss of human life and property.

4. Request from EC-LVIII (2/2)
With regards to the “multi-hazard” approach, EC LVIII requested
That the feasibility and potential achievable benefits of the multi-hazard approach be further explored through clear demonstration projects to determine whether economies and synergies could be achieved through building on and complementing existing early warning systems capacities, infrastructures and activities of various partners involved in different aspects of early warning systems.

5. WMO Symposium ″Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems″ WMO Headquarter, May 2006
Goals:
1) To explore further the concept of “multi-hazard” approach to early warning systems,
2) To recommend examples of good practices
Participants: 99 experts and practitioners from 18 agencies and NMHSs, WMO Programmes
Co-Sponsored by: ISDR Secretariat, World Bank, UNDP, IFRC, UNESCO, OCHA

6. Need for Strong Governance, Organizational Coordination and Operational Processes
3) Dissemination and Communication
Effective warning messages
Incorporation of information about risks in warning messages
Understandable warning messages
Authoritative warnings (Authentication of sources)
Dissemination networks
Interoperability (use of international standards)
Redundancy and resilience of networks
Same distribution channels for warnings of different hazards (cost efficiency, reliability and effectiveness)
Standard warning terminologies (nationwide, and across borders, traffic light concept)
1) Early Detection, Monitoring and Warning Services
Strengthen observation systems
Coverage
Sustainability
Inter-operability
Multi-use of networks (where practical)
Built on "system of systems" concept
Data policies
Prediction and forecasting
Methodologies, accuracy and lead time
Multi-disciplinary
2) Risk Knowledge and Integration in Warning Messages
Data gaps, quality, accessibility, sharing
Hazard
Vulnerability (e.g. socio-economic, topographic…)
Standardized methodologies and expertise (e.g. hazard analysis, risk modelling)
Understanding of the changing patterns of risk (e.g. hazard, vulnerabilities)
Local capacities
4) Integration in Preparedness and Response Processes
Education and awareness (emergency responders, authorities, risk managers, emergency responders, media, public…):
Understanding of warnings and uncertainties
Awareness of less frequent events
Cross-Training of Operational Agencies
Operational planning
Drills
Community preparedness

7. WMO EWS Symposium Criteria for Identification of Good Practices
Political commitment, DRR plans, legislation, roles and responsibilities
Coordination mechanism among agencies
Authoritative, understandable warnings
Combine hazard, risk and response information
Dissemination Mechanisms
Match resources and culture
Sustainability, interoperability, reliability
Integration of warning information in emergency preparedness and response actions
Community-based Emergency preparedness and training programmes
Feedback mechanisms to improve the system

8. WMO EWS Symposium Identified Examples of Good Practices
France Vigilance system
Shanghai Emergency Preparedness System
Cuba tropical cyclone early warning system
Bangladesh Cyclone Preparedness Programme
Noted that there are other such good practices that need to be also identified

9. Multi-Hazard Early Warning Demonstration Project Concept

10. Protection of lives, livelihood and property
(1) Governance, Organizational Coordination and Operational Processes
(3) Cost-Benefits Analysis
(2)
Strengthened operational Technical capacities and inter-agency cooperation D A T
Warnings, specialized forecasts, and other Services
Disaster Preparedness and Response Systems
Protection of
lives, livelihood
and
property
Media
Internet
Internet
SMS
Other

11. Coordination and Cooperation With Other Agencies for Early Detection, Development and Issuance of Warning
Increasing Level of coordination with civil protection and risk management agencies for issuance of warnings
Type I
Type II
Type III
Hazard under mandate of other agencies but NMHS contribute
e.g. locust, health epidemic, man-made hazards
Hazard fully under the mandate of NMHS
e.g. strong winds, strong rainfall, snow/ice, hail, tropical cyclone
Hazard under joint mandate with another technical agency
e.g. floods, landslides, heat/health etc.
Increasing Level of coordination with technical agencies for early detection, monitoring and development of warnings

12. Deliverables
1) Documentation of governance, organizational coordination and operational processes;
NMHSs’ support and response to national to local needs
Strengthening operational capacities and inter-agencies coordination and cooperation for
Development, delivery and utilization of warnings
Driven by priorities and requirements
3) Analysis of benefits of early warning systems
Sustainability of capacities
5) Sharing experiences and good practices
Publications, manuals, study tours, training workshops, symposia

13. Project Planning Concept 4 - Step Process
1. Establish partnership and "buy-in"
Plan and develop demonstration project
Driven by priorities and requirements
Project Management Team
Project planning (deliverables, timelines, milestones)
Planning pre- and post-project actions
Secretariat crosscutting task team to support the project
Implement demonstration project
Validate concepts
Work out problem areas
Sustain capacities and broaden project
Share experience

14. France Vigilance System
Hazards
+ NEW: Flood warning map
Strong wind
Strong rainfall
Thunderstorm
Snow/Ice
Avalanches
Heat waves
Level of warning
Level 4
Level 3
Level 2
Level 1
Warnings activate cascades of preparedness and response plans, actions and responsibilities
Legislation
Planning
Authoritative Warnings Organizational linkages
Training and feedback
Green No special vigilance required.
Yellow Potentially dangerous and unusual meteorological phenomena have been forecast. Be very vigilant. Keep informed about meteorological conditions.
Orange Be very vigilant; dangerous meteorological phenomena are forecast; keep informed about meteorological evolution and follow advice from authorities.
High tech hydrometeorological products and services + human expertise => collective and individual prevention measures and reactions.
Flood warnings: montoring, forecasting and warning at the watershed level ; legislation, planning, and response at the local government level (differents borders and entities).
EXAMPLE: HOW HEAT WAVE ALERTS HAVE BEEN INCLUDED IN THE SYSTEM
2003 heatwave impacts have led to formalized agreements between Météo France and two institutions in charge of public health. By the end of 2003 (see also Chapter 6), a first agreement was quickly set out to provide some new indicators, albeit on a provisional basis, with the operationally oriented "Institut de Veille Sanitaire" (Institute for Sanitary Watch). Another collaboration which is much more far-reaching was established in July 2004 with the medical research institute INSERM. According to the press release, it is due to enlarge and enhance the combined research on heat (and cold) waves and their impact on public health,with an aim to document and study in details the bio-meteorological mechanisms at much finer scales and over a longer period of 30 years.
national to
local authorities

15. Shanghai City: Multi-Hazard Early Warning and Emergency Response Programme
Governance : (mega) city-level.
Organisational: Top-down (monitoring, forecasting, warning) and bottom-up
Operational: Community-based + high tech monitoring and alerting tools
Multi-Hazard Approach: Services are specialized but shared for alert dissemination and response mechanisms.