1. Sentence Types Make sure You are Taking Notes
Sentence Types Make sure You are Taking Notes! Quiz: A-Day: 1/9 B-Day: 1/10

2. Recall: What Do You Know About Sentence Types?
What is a sentence?
What do you need to make a sentence?

3. Today’s Objectives
Students will be able to identify and create various sentence types. Students will be able to apply their knowledge of sentence types by creating these types in their writing.
Students will be able to answer unit essential questions.

4. Clause Independent Clauses (I) Can stand alone as a sentence Examples:
A group of words that contains a subject and a verb.
Independent Clauses (I)
Can stand alone as a sentence
Examples:
The poets of the time wrote about nature.
Many people remember the robbery, and they will tell you all about it.
After working frantically for hours, she finally finished her essay.

5. Joining Independent Clauses
You can join independent clauses IF:
They are independent clauses
The ideas of both independent clauses are related.
Examples:
Vampire Diaries is my favorite show; I also love to watch True Blood.
John and Sara were selected as partners for a group project; John did all of the work while Sara painted her nails.

6. Clause Dependent Clauses (D)
A group of words that contains a subject and a verb.
Dependent Clauses (D)
Can NOT stand alone as a sentence
Examples:
After she worked frantically for hours, she finally finished her essay.
When Rhonda gets to school, she will take the test.
Mike can dribble the ball while he runs.

7. Conjunctions Conjunctions link words, phrases, and clauses together.
Examples:
I like to read, write, and play.
I am happy because you are here.
When the bell rings, you may leave.

8. Coordinating Conjunctions
Coordinate = Connect! Coordinating conjunctions— connect words/phrases/clauses The “FANBOYS”: For, and, nor, but, or, yet, so

9. Coordinating Conjunctions
When joining words or phrases, do not use a comma.
I like muffins and biscuits.
I like muffins but hate biscuits.
When joining two independent clauses, use a comma. (I,cI)
I like muffins, but I have never been a fan of biscuits.

10. Subordinating Conjunctions
Sub = below/under
SUBordinating=less important, secondary thought, dependent
Subordinating conjunction—a conjunction that introduces a dependent (subordinate) clause
While, when, because, as, after, although, though, as soon as, before, by the time, even if, if, even though, in case, that, since, whenever, wherever, once, until, etc.
SWABIs: Since, while, after, before, if

11. Subordinating Clauses
When an independent clause begins with a subordinating conjunction, it is no longer independent but dependent.
Do not use commas when independent clause is followed by a dependent clause—sub. conjunction is in between clauses. (ID)
I have to go because my mother is here.
Mike can dribble a basketball while he runs.
Jenny will get back to you when she gets home.
Use comma when dependent clause comes before independent clause—sub conjunction is at beginning of sentence. (D,I)
Because my mom is here, I have to go.
When Rhonda gets to school, she will take the test

12. Conjunctions & Clauses Practice:
Identify the conjunction in the sentence—coordinating or subordinating? Then identify the sentence formula. Sandra was supposed to call me, but she never did. I don’t have much time because I have to be home for dinner. I have two pencils and a pen. Although Tony likes baseball, Mickey prefers basketball. Jim read a new book and really enjoyed it. My teacher didn’t start the lesson until we were all ready. He didn’t want to go to the dentist, yet his mom made him.
I,cI ID I D,I I ID I,cI

13. Interjections
Interjections are emotions that are set off by an exclamation mark or a comma when the feeling is not as strong.
Ah, oops, yes, darn, shoot, oh, etc.
Shoot! I forgot my homework.
Oh, I thought so.
Ah! That was scary!

14. Preposition
Shows relationship between a noun/pronoun and another word in the sentence.
Answers the questions WHERE or TO WHAT EXTENT about the noun/pronoun it relates to.

15. Compound and Complex Sentence Formulas
I = Independent Clause
I,cI = Independent Clause + , + Coordinating Conjunction + Independent Clause
I;I = Independent Clause + ; + Independent Clause
ID = Independent Clause + Dependent Clause
D,I = Dependent Clause + , + Independent Clause

16. Compound-Complex Sentence Types

17. Compound-Complex Sentence Formulas
I,cID = Independent Clause + , + Coordinating Conjunction + Independent Clause + Dependent Clause
I;ID = Independent Clause + ; + Independent Clause + Dependent Clause
ID,cI = Independent Clause + Dependent Clause + , + Coordinating Conjunction + Independent Clause

18. Compound-Complex Sentence Formulas
ID;I = Independent Clause + Dependent Clause + ; + Independent Clause
D,I,cI = Dependent Clause + , + Independent Clause + , + Coordinating Conjunction + Independent Clause
D,I;I = Dependent Clause + , + Independent Clause + ; + Independent Clause

19. What Do I Need To Know For the Quiz Next Class?
Compound Sentences (label)
Complex Sentences (label)
Compound-Complex Sentences (create)
Able to list coordinating and subordinating conjunctions

20. Writing Workshop: What Do We Know About Paragraph Writing?

21. Topic Sentences
What do you think? Why do you think that? State your claim.
The very first sentence of a paragraph.
Identify the main idea of the paragraph.
Pick a side. You will defend this side in the rest of your paragraph/essay.

22. Concrete Details How do you know (your reasons are true)?
Readers may not accept your reasons unless you support them with evidence—factual statements, numbers, photographs, or other sources of information that you provide your readers.
This is evidence that supports the claim you made in your topic sentence.

23. Concrete Details
These must be facts (provable through observation, if not general information).
You must state them strongly (don’t preface this with “maybe” or “perhaps”).
Think: “For example…”

24. Commentary Why do you think your reasons support your claim?
This is your opinion, interpretation, insight, analysis, evaluation, and/or reflection about a concrete detail.
Commentary echoes the focus of your topic sentence.
It should strengthen and extend the concrete detail— explaining what you mean, reinforcing the truth of the fact, showing how or why it is important.
This should no stray off the main thought.

25. Commentary
You must have more commentary than you have concrete detail.
The smallest ratio is 1:2
Don’t write “I think…” (We know this already!).
Rather, you can write “This shows that…”

26. CD V. CM
CD – Juliet has a white dress and wings; Romeo is wearing armor. CM – This scene is a cliché. Juliet’s wings suggest Romeo sees her as an angel. Romeo’s armor creates a literal image of a knight in shining armor who has come to save Juliet from Paris and her obtrusive family.

27. Concluding Sentence So what?
This brings the reader back to the original topic without repeating the same words or summarizing.
Readers should be able to identify your key points based on concluding paragraphs.
This should not include any information that was not discussed in the paragraph.

28. Concluding Sentence Starters
Therefore
As expressed
Overall
As a result
Thus
Finally
Lastly
For this reason
In general

29. Characteristics of Effective Concluding Paragraphs
Review main points mentioned in a paragraph
Last sentence of a paragraph
Do not introduce new ideas or topics
Reaffirms why your argument is correct

30. Watching a high school football game outside in winter is insane
Watching a high school football game outside in winter is insane. For example, the cold temperatures make steam rise from the football players who have gotten hot playing the game. All you have to do to realize the extent of the freezing temperatures is watch the steam rising from their heads when they take off their helmets on the sidelines. When they get set on the line of scrimmage, they make it look like a fire was just put out on the field. In addition, everyone who comes to the game is bundled up so that they can keep warm throughout the game. Although this is the goal, it rarely works. The cold has a way of seeping in and settling into your bones, despite the amount of clothing and blankets you are wrapped in. Furthermore, when there are lots of people out for a game, lines start to form everywhere. If you want a warm hot dog or cup of coffee, it is ages before it is your turn to get your food. By the time you get back to your seat, everything is cold and therefore, lost most of its purpose. In winter, I prefer to watch the games on TV and laugh at the crazy people sitting in the stands.

31. Watching a high school football game outside in winter is insane
Watching a high school football game outside in winter is insane. For example, the cold temperatures make steam rise from the football players who have gotten hot playing the game. All you have to do to realize the extent of the freezing temperatures is watch the steam rising from their heads when they take off their helmets on the sidelines. When they get set on the line of scrimmage, they make it look like a fire was just put out on the field. In addition, everyone who comes to the game is bundled up so that they can keep warm throughout the game. Although this is the goal, it rarely works. The cold has a way of seeping in and settling into your bones, despite the amount of clothing and blankets you are wrapped in. Furthermore, when there are lots of people out for a game, lines start to form everywhere. If you want a warm hot dog or cup of coffee, it is ages before it is your turn to get your food. By the time you get back to your seat, everything is cold and therefore, lost most of its purpose. In winter, I prefer to watch the games on TV and laugh at the crazy people sitting in the stands.