1. Reading for Understanding, Analysis and Evaluation
Nat 5

2. This presentation will cover some different question types that come up in Close Reading:
Own words questions.
Language questions (including Tone, Word Choice, Imagery and Sentence Structure.)
Link questions.

3. How to Pass National 5 English
The questions referred to in this presentation are from the One Direction passage in How to Pass National 5 English.

4. Approaching the text
If you are reading the text in full… As you go along, underline key words. You may find it helpful to note in the margin what each paragraph is about.

5. Use your own words
Questions like this are checking your understanding of the text.
Remember- if you do not use your own words, you don’t get the marks.
On questions like this, you must make one point per mark.
For example, 4 mark questions= 4 bullet points.
E.g. Question 1. Look at paragraphs 1-3 (lines 1- 18). Using your own words as far as possible, summarise the One Direction story so far. (4 marks.)

6. Answer to question 1. One Direction formed in the UK.
Their first album went to number 1 in America.
They entered the X factor separately.
They did not win the X factor.

7. Link Question (now worth 4 marks
Question 3. With reference to the text, explain the part played by the sentence at the beginning of line 31 (“The Internet isn’t the only change”) in the structure of the writer’s argument.

8. Link question “The internet isn’t the only change.”
“The internet” looks back to the previous paragraph which was about the internet.
“change” looks forward to the next paragraph that is going to be about more changes.
Formula is:
Quote 1 – quote the part of the sentence that looks back- to the writer’s previous argument.
Quote 2 Quote the part of the sentence that looks forward- to what the writer will talk about next.

9. Language questions
“How does the writer use language…” (e.g. question 1 and question 2b, 4b in Twitter passage.)
Sometimes students don’t know what to do for a language question. Not to worry, just TWIST! 

10. TWIST Tone Word Choice Imagery Sentence Structure Techniques
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11. Types of tone
Serious - the writer avoids flippancy or jokiness, uses formal language and jargon
Impersonal - the writer’s style is very formal, does not use first or second person
Unemotional - the writer is serious and objective, uses no loaded or emotive words, impersonal tone
Chatty or conversational - the writer uses slang, abbreviations, loose sentence structure, 1st and 2nd person
Emotive - when the writer’s feelings are clear and he uses loaded and emotive words, hyperbole, superlatives. The tone could be sad, angry, fearful, shocked, excited, aggressive, disgusted, cynical, scathing, critical, patronising, sympathetic, disappointed
Humorous/Lighthearted - The writer uses jokes, puns, irony, quirky words, informal language, hyperbole, anecdotes

12. Word Choice questions
e.g. Question 4: Look at lines and explain , with reference to the text, how the writer uses word choice/ and or examples to show how One Direction tries to appeal to both buys and girls.

13. Word choice questions Formula for word choice question:
Choose your word/ expression.
Quote it.
“lads” has connotations of …maleness, masculinity, potentially rowdy behaviour.
For a 4 mark question, try to quote and comment on 2-3 examples of word choice.

14. Sentence Structure Question
To answer this question you should
1. Identify an aspect of sentence structure
Say why it is used

15. Types of sentence: Statements. Questions? Rhetorical Questions?
Exclamations!
Other sentence structure features- Use of list/ repetition.

16. Punctuation: parenthesis comma colon semi-colon inverted commas dash
ellipsis

17. Sentence Structure - Exemplar A
- The writer uses a colon to introduce the list of the team's suggestions. He separates each of the suggestions with a semi-colon
- The writer makes each of the titles of the suggestion stand out by capitalising them and enclosing them in inverted commas
- After each title the writer uses a dash to introduce a description of each alternative