GCSE PE REVISION YEAR 11.

GCSE PE REVISION YEAR 11

Benefits of exercise can be………….
GCSE PE REVISION Benefits of exercise can be…………. SOCIAL MENTAL PHYSICAL

GCSE PE REVISION EXPLAIN THESE TERMS… PHYSICAL CHALLENGE
ASTHETIC APPRECIATION

INFLUENCES ON A PERSONS INVOLVEMENT IN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ARE….
GCSE PE REVISION INFLUENCES ON A PERSONS INVOLVEMENT IN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ARE…. Cultural Health and Well-being Image People Socio-economic 6. Resources

GCSE PE REVISION ROLES IN SPORT

SPORTS PARTICIPATION PYRAMID
GCSE PE REVISION SPORTS PARTICIPATION PYRAMID Elite/ Excellence Performance Participation Foundation

GCSE PE REVISION state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” FITNESS HEALTH The ability to meet the demands of the environment Planned, structured and repeated body movements done to improve one or more components of physical fitness EXERCISE

WON THE TOUR DE FRANCE 7 TIMES IN A ROW!
GCSE PE REVISION QUESTION TIME If you are physically fit does this mean that you are healthy? Explain your answer WON THE TOUR DE FRANCE 7 TIMES IN A ROW!

Power Coordination Reaction time Agility Balance Speed
GCSE PE REVISION SKILL RELATED HEALTH RELATED Cardiovascular fitness Muscular Strength Muscular Endurance Flexibility Body Composition Power Coordination Reaction time Agility Balance Speed

Principles of Training
SPECIFICITY P O PROGRESSIVE OVERLOAD FITT R REST AND RECOVERY I INDIVIDUAL NEEDS

Threshold * Increasing the amount of physical work you do in order to increase your fitness * Similar to progressive overload, however it gives a clear guideline for safe working levels (provided the individual is healthy) * Suggested that the average performer should train between 60 and 80 per cent of their maximum heart rate How do we work out maximum heart rate? At what point in the training session was the athlete working at threshold ? Threshold Max heart rate 220-your age!

GCSE PE REVISION GOAL SETTING: SPECIFIC MEASURABLE ACHEIVABLE
REALISTIC TIMEBOUND

GCSE PE REVISION Methods of training CROSS TRAINING FARTLEK CIRCUIT
WEIGHT TRAINING CONTINUOUS INTERVAL

GCSE PE REVISION AEROBIC VS ANAEROBIC

Components of a Healthy Diet TASK: unscramble the words below:
7. BFIER 1. CSAERTBOHDRAY 6. TEWRA 2.EIPRONT 5. MINRAELS 3.TAF 4. MIVITNSA

Components of a Healthy Diet The answers….
7. FIBRE 1. CARBOHYDRATES 6. WATER 2.PROTEIN 5. MINERALS 3.FAT 4. VITAMINS

GCSE PE REVISION MACRO NUTRIETS MICRO NUTRIENTS
Needed in large amounts in your diet CHO, fat, protein Needed in small amounts Vitamins and minerals

TIMING OF DIETARY INTAKE
VASCULAR SHUNT MECHANISM When you exercise blood is needed at the muscles The vascular shunt mechanism is where the blood vessels contract at places where the blood is not needed so readily to force the blood ( shunt it) to places it is needed like your muscles during exercise and your digestive system when you have just eaten You get a stitch as a result of not leaving enough time between eating and doing physical activity as not enough blood goes to the digestive system as it is needed more readily at the muscles

SOMATOTYPES Describe the different body types (Somatotypes)
Explain the effects each can have on participation and performance. Identify activities where different body types are an advantage.

SOMATOTYPES ECTOMORPH MESOMORPH ENDOMORPH Tall Thin
Narrow shoulders and hips Example athletes: high jumpers, long distance runners Muscular physique Wide shoulders, narrow hips Example athletes: Sprinters, swimming, rowing Short Dumpy Narrow shoulders, wide hips Example athlete: sumo wrestlers

Optimum Weight in Sport
What do we mean by the term Optimum Weight? What are the factors that affect Optimum Weight? How can Optimum Weight affect performance and participation in Physical Activity? (Use the two pictures below) How do you lose weight?

OPTIMUM WEIGHT Optimum Weight - Weight at which you perform at your best Height – Taller people are usually, although not always, heavier than shorter people. Gender – Men and women have different body composition. Men tend to have more muscle and larger bones. Bone Structure – Bodies have different bone structures, sometimes referred to as Frame Size. Muscle Girth – As with bone structure, people naturally have different muscle girth which means that they weigh more. Genetics – Body weight and shape are largely passed on through genes from parent to child. Weight Loss – Decrease Calorie intake (Diet), Increase Calorie Expenditure, BOTH

GCSE PE REVISION UNDERWEIGHT OBESE OVERFAT ANOREXIC OVERWEIGHT
Explain the terms below. Explain how these conditions may affect physical activity. UNDERWEIGHT OBESE OVERFAT OVERWEIGHT ANOREXIC

Performance Enhancing Drugs
What are the two different categories of drugs. Explain the impact of performance-enhancing drugs on wellbeing and performance and why some performers might risk using them to enhance performance. Explain the effects of smoking and alcohol on general health.

Performance-Enhancing Drugs
There are two main categories of drugs: - Performance-enhancing - Recreational Performance enhancing drugs can enhance a person’s performance in some way, either in physical activity and training, or daily life. Performance-enhancing drugs include: ALL DRUGS SHOULD NOT BE PERMITTED Anabolic steroids Beta blockers Diuretics Narcotic analgesics Stimulants Peptide Hormones (erythropoietin/EPO)

DRUGS TYPE OF DRUG EFFECT ON PERFORMANCE SIDE EFFECT
ANABOLIC STEROIDS – Drugs that mimic the male sex hormone testosterone and promote bone and muscle growth. Increase muscle mass Develops bone growth Increases strength Train harder Recover quicker Produce results quickly Deepen voice Facial hair growth Increased risk of heart attacks and strokes High blood pressure Liver disease Muscle injury Death BETA BLOCKERS – Drugs that are used to control heart rate. Reduce stress and anxiety levels Lower heart rate-calming effect Help in target sports e.g. Snooker / Shooting Lowers heart rate to dangerous levels Nausea and diarrhoea Tiredness Depression Insomnia & nightmares DIURETICS – Drugs that elevate the rate of urine production Increase rate of urination Lose weight faster Masking agent Dehydration – can cause dizziness, muscle cramps, headaches and nausea Long term effects of kidney damage DRUGS

NARCOTIC ANALGESICS – Drugs that can be used to reduce pain. Reduce the feeling of pain by depressing the central nervous system. help athletes return to sport more quickly after injury E.g. heroin, methadone, pethidine, morphine. Make injuries worse Loss of concentration Loss of balance Loss of coordination Emotional effects, including hallucinations STIMULANTS – Drugs that have an effect on the central nervous system, such as an increased mental and / or physical alertness. Enables athletes to think more quickly Help to overcome tiredness & effects of lactic acid E.g. amphetamines and cocaine (Cold medicines), nicotine and caffeine. Insomnia Irritability Irregular heart beat Increased heart rate High blood pressure Addiction EPO (PEPTIDE HORMONES) Increase no of red blood cells- increases body capacity to carry oxygen Increased risk of blood clots NARCOTIC ANALGESICS Reduce the feeling of pain RECREATIONAL DRUGS Variety of effects: Alcohol can calm and nicotine can increase alertness as can caffeine Increased risk of cancer. Alcohol and caffeine can cause dehydration DRUGS

PEPTIDE HORMONES INCLUDING EPO – Drug that causes other hormones to be produced. Increase muscle growth Help with recovery Increase the number of red blood cells which allows The body to carry extra oxygen Disperse waste products and lactic acid Increases athletes aerobic capacity which is useful in endurance based events EPO thickens the blood Makes it more difficult for blood to pass through small capillaries and increases the risk of heart attacks and strokes. Smoking damages the cardiovascular system, in particular the heart. Reduces Aerobic Fitness Stimulant which raises alertness and is highly addictive Alcohol is banned in shooting and archery, where it may be used as a sedative (have a calming effect). Also banned in motor sports, as it slows down reaction times. Causes dehydration from increased urine. The long-term effects of alcohol include a form of liver damage known as cirrhosis DRUGS

Risk Assessment and Preventing Injuries
Explain how the following reduces risk of injury in physical activity Warming up / Cooling Down Checking Equipment and Facilities Correct Clothing Balanced Competition Playing within the rules of the competition PAR-Q

EXPLAIN THIS PREVENTING INJURIES

SPRAIN

STRAIN

DISLOCATION

CONCUSSION

TENNIS ELBOW

GREEN STICK FRACTURE

STRESS FRACTURE

SIMPLE FRACTURE

GOLFERS ELBOW

GCSE PE REVISION CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Key terms: KEY TERM EXPLANATION
Heart Rate Number of times the heart beats per minute Stroke Volume The amount of blood ejected from the heart per beat Cardiac Output The amount of blood ejected from the heart per minute Blood pressure Force exerted by the circulatory blood against the blood vessel walls Cholesterol Fatty substance carried in the blood by lipoproteins which comes in 2 forms (HDL/LDL)

GCSE PE REVISION CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
IMMEDIATE EFFECTS LONG TERM EFFECTS HEALTH EFFECTS Increased working heart rate Cardiac Hypertrophy Healthier arteries and veins Increased blood pressure Lower resting heart rate Reduced chance of CHD Increased stroke volume Quicker recovery rate Increases HDL and lowers LDL Increased cardiac output Lower blood pressure at rest Lower blood pressure= lower chance of angina, strokes etc Vascular shunting of blood to working muscles

GCSE PE REVISION CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
ALCOHOL SMOKING Increases Heart rate Reduces the amount of HDL In the blood Increases the tendency for the blood to clot Chronic alcohol can cause hypertension Damage the heart tissue

GCSE PE REVISION RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Key terms: KEY TERM EXPLANATION
ALVEOLI Air sacs where gaseous exchange take place TIDAL VOLUME The amount of air expired and inhaled with each normal breath VITAL CAPACITY The amount of air that can pass in and out of the lungs through maximum inhalation and exhalation OXYGEN DEBT The extra oxygen consumed during recovery compared to that consumed at rest

GCSE PE REVISION RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
IMMEDIATE EFFECTS LONG TERM EFFECTS HEALTH EFFECTS Increased Breathing rate Improved efficiency of the lungs Increased depth of breathing More alveoli become available for gaseous exchange Oxygen debt created if working anerobically

GCSE PE REVISION RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
SMOKING Damages the alveoli Cause lung cancer due to build up of tar

GCSE PE REVISION Muscular system
DELTOIDS PECTORALS TRAPEZIUS BICEPS TRICEPS ABDOMINALS LATISSIUMUS DORSI GLUTEALS QUADRICEPS HAMSTRINGS GASTROCNEMIUS

GCSE PE REVISION Muscular System
JOINT MOVEMENTS: MOVEMENT EXPLANATION FLEXION Angle at the joint is getting smaller EXTENSION Angle at the joint is getting bigger ABDUCTION Movement away from the body ADDUCTION Movement towards the body ROTATION Movement around the joint PLANTAR FLEXION Pointing toes downwards DORSI FLEXION Toes pointing upwards

GCSE PE REVISION MUSCULAR SYSTEM
BICEPS: FLEXION AT THE ELBOW

TRICEPS: EXTENSION AT THE ELBOW

DELTOIDS: ABDUCTION AT THE SHOULDER

LATISSIMUS DORSI: ADDUCTION AT THE SHOULDER

PECTORALS: ADDUCTION AND ROTATION AT THE SHOULDER

TRAPEZIUS: ROTATION OF THE SCAPULAR

ABDOMINALS: FLEXION OF THE TRUNK

GLUTEALS: EXTENSION AT THE HIP

QUADRICEPS: EXTENSION AT THE KNEE

HAMSTRINGS: FLEXION AT THE KNEE

GASTROCNEMIUS: PLANTAR FEXION

How muscles work: Muscles work in pairs. One muscle contracts (AGONIST) While the other relaxes (antagonist) Together they are known as an ANTAGONISTIC PAIR AGONIST ANTAGONIST BICEP QUADRICEP PECTORALS DELTOIDS

TYPES OF MUSCULAR CONTRACTIONS: ISOMETRIC ISOTONIC

IMMEDIATE AND LONG TERM EFFECTS ON THE MUSCLULAR SYSTEM
IMMEDIATE/SHORT TERM EFFECTS LONG TERM EFFECTS LACTIC ACID MAY BUILD UP IF WORKING ANEROBICALLY INCREASE IN MUSCLE SIZE- HYPERTROPHY INCREASE IN FUEL DEMAND- GLYGOGEN INCREASE IN MUSCULAR STRENGTH/ENDURANCE FATIGUE INCREASE IN POWER

FUNCTIONS OF THE SKELETON
Movement Provides muscles an attachment to allow movement. Shape & Support Determines whether we are short or tall. It keeps us upright Protection Some bones protect internal organs.

TYPES OF JOINTS: BALL AND SOCKET
SKELETAL SYSTEM TYPES OF JOINTS: BALL AND SOCKET ALLOW THE BONE TO MOVE ROUND A 360 DEGREE ANGLE ALLOWS FLEXION, EXTENNSION, ABDUCTION, ADDUCTION AND ROTATION EXAMPLES= SHOULDER JOINT AND HIP JOINT

SKELETAL SYSTEM TYPES OF JOINTS: HINGE
ALLOW MOVEMENT BACKWARD AND FORWARD (FLEXION AND EXTENSION) EXAMPLES= KNEE JOINT, ELBOW JOINT, FINGERS

SKELETAL SYSTEM LONG TERM EFFECTS OF EXERCISE ON THE SKELETAL SYSTEM
Increased bone density Stronger ligaments and tendons MOST BENEFICIAL TYPE OF EXERCISE= WEIGHT BEARING

SKELETAL SYSTEM OSTEOPOROSIS

HELPING PREVENT OSTEOPOROSIS
SKELETAL SYSTEM HELPING PREVENT OSTEOPOROSIS

EXAM TIPS READ THE QUESTION AT LEAST TWICE AND UNDERLINE THE KEY PARTS OF THE QUESTION DO NOT ABREVIATE- IE QUADS FOR THE 6 MARK QUESTIONS WRITE A PLAN AND THINK ABOUT STRUCTURE IE START WITH AN INTRO IF POSSIBLE. REMEMBER SPELLING AND GRAMMAR COUNT DO NOT LEAVE ANY BLANKS! CHECK HOW MANY MARKS THE QUESTION IS WORTH.THIS WILL HELP YOU TO KNOW HOW MANY DIFFERENT POINTS ARE NEEDED. LOOK FOR THE BUZZ WORD IE INFLUENCES/ROLES/BENEFITS,JOINT ACTION

GCSE PE REVISION YEAR 11.

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "GCSE PE REVISION YEAR 11."— Presentation transcript:

Similar presentations

About project

Feedback

Log in

Auth with social network:

GCSE PE REVISION YEAR 11.

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "GCSE PE REVISION YEAR 11."— Presentation transcript:

Similar presentations

About project

Feedback