1. Greek and Roman Mythology
A Review of
The Principal Gods and Goddesses

2. In the beginning... …was Chaos (shapeless nothingness)
Chaos had two children:
Night (darkness)
Erebus (death)
“All was black, empty, silent, endless.”
Mysteriously, Love was born of darkness and death.

3. And then... When Love was born, order and beauty began to flourish.
Love created Light and Day.
Earth was created.
She was the solid ground, but also a personality.
The Earth bore Heaven to cover her and be a home for the gods.

4. The First Parents Mother Earth = Gaea (Gaia)
Father Heaven = Ouranos (Uranus)
They had three kinds of children:
Three monsters with 100 hands and 50 heads
Three Cyclopes
The Titans

5. The Titans (The Elder Gods)
There were many of them.
Enormous size, incredible strength
Cronos (Saturn): Ruler of the Titans
Rhea (Ops): Wife of Cronos
Oceanus: River that encircled the world
Iapetus: Father of Prometheus, Epimetheus, and Atlas (also Titans)

6. The Olympians Cronos and Rhea were parents of:
Zeus (Jupiter, Jove)
Poseidon (Neptune)
Hades (Pluto)
Hera (Juno)
Hestia (Vesta)
Demeter (Ceres)
Other Olympians include:
Athena (Minerva)
Ares (Mars)
Hephaestus (Vulcan)
Apollo
Artemis (Diana)
Hermes (Mercury)
Aphrodite (Venus)
Dionysus (Bacchus)
Persephone (Proserpina)

7. The Olympians

8. Zeus Roman Name: Jupiter (also Jove) King of the gods
Fathered many characters in mythology
Overthrew his father Cronos

9. Zeus

10. Hera Roman Name: Juno Zeus’s sister and wife
Jealous protector of marriage
Punished the women Zeus fell in love with

11. Poseidon Roman Name: Neptune God of the Seas and Waters
“The Earthshaker”
Symbol = trident

12. Hades Roman Name: Pluto God of the Underworld/ Dead
Kidnapped Persephone

13. Hestia
Roman Name: Vesta
Goddess of Home & Hearth
Powerful Protector

14. Demeter Roman Name: Ceres Goddess of the Harvest
Caused the change of seasons

15. Athena Roman Name: Minerva Goddess of Wisdom and War
Sprang from Zeus’s head

16. Ares Roman Name: Mars God of War Son of Zeus and Hera
Bloodthirsty and merciless

17. Hephaestus Roman Name: Vulcan Blacksmith to the gods
Son of Zeus and Hera
Married to Aphrodite

18. Apollo Roman Name: Apollo God of Light/Sun and Music
Twin brother of Artemis

19. Artemis Roman Name: Diana Goddess of the Moon/ Hunt
Twin sister to Apollo

20. Hermes Roman Name: Mercury Messenger of the Gods
Appears in more myths than any other character

21. Aphrodite Roman Name: Venus Goddess of Love and Beauty
Sprang from the ocean foam

22. Dionysus Roman Name: Bacchus God of Wine & Theater
Cupbearer to the gods
Taught man how to grow grapes & make wine

23. Persephone Roman Name: Proserpina Goddess of the Underworld
Daughter of Zeus and Demeter
Abducted by Hades

24. Eros Roman Name: Cupid Young God of Love
Son of Aphrodite and Hephaestus

25. Iris Roman Name: Isis Goddess of the Rainbow Servant to Hera
Messenger goddess

26. The Muses Goddesses who presided over the arts and sciences
“He is happy whom the muses love.”
Nine daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne
Inspired artists of all kinds
Clio, Urania, Thalia, Melpomene, Erato, Calliope, Euterpe, Terpsichore, Polyhymnia

27. The Graces Three Goddesses of Grace and Beauty
“They give life its bloom.”
Aglaia (Splendor)
Euphrosyne (Mirth)
Thalia (Good Cheer)

28. The Erinnyes (The Furies)
Roman Name: Furiae or Dirae (The Furies)
Three Goddesses of Vengeance
Tisiphone
Alecto
Megaera
They punish evildoers.

29. The Fates Roman Name: Parcae, Moirae Three sisters
Clotho (“The Spinner”)
Lachesis (“The disposer of lots”)
Atropos (“The cutter”)
They weave, measure, and cut the thread of life for humans.

30. The Satyrs Gods of the woods and mountains “Shepherd gods”
Goat men (like Pan)
Companions of Dionysus
They like to drink, dance, and chase nymphs.

31. The Gorgons Three snake-haired monsters Medusa is most well-known
Their look turns men to stone.

32. The Centaurs Half man, half horse Savage creatures (except Chiron)
Followers of Dionysus