1. Understand the Emotional and Social Development of Toddlers
Objective 5.02

2. Toddlers are children ages one to three, not one through three.
At three, children are preschoolers.

3. Emotional Development
Realization of being a separate person
Egotism
Negativity
Anger and frustration
Fear
Jealousy
Love/affection
Empathy

4. Egotism Self-centered---seeing the world as revolving around them
Self-esteem and self-image
Egotistic---often expressed by frequent use of the word mine

5. “Toddler’s Rules of Ownership”
If I like it, it’s mine.
If it’s in my hand, it’s mine.
If I can take it with me, it’s mine.
If I had it a little while ago, it’s mine.
If it’s mine, it must never appear to be yours in any way.
If it looks like mine, it’s mine.
If I’m doing or building something, all the pieces are mine.
If I think it’s mine, it’s mine.
If it’s yours and I steal it, it’s mine.

6. Negativity
The way a toddler expresses his/her independence and general opposition to the world
Usually expressed by doing the opposite of what others want
Causes of negativism---desire for independence, frustration, realization of being a separate person

7. Anger and Frustration Release leads to temper tantrums
Often released by screaming, kicking, hitting and sometimes holding their breath
May continue through the age of four

8. Fear
One-year-olds suffer from separation anxiety---the fear that loved ones will not return
Three-year-olds with an expanding imagination may fear the dark
Adults should not dismiss the fears of the toddler but should handle in a supportive way

9. Jealousy May begin when the child is eighteen months
Peaks at the age of three
Cause: The toddler cannot understand that there is enough attention or love for everyone.

10. Love/affection
Relationships formed by toddler’s interactions forms base of ability to love/show affection
Parent or other caregiver is the first person the child learns to love
Later expanded to include siblings and others outside of the home

11. Empathy The ability to put oneself in another person’s shoes
By age two, the toddler has developed the ability to empathize

12. Social Development Milestones of social development
Socialization goals
Imaginary friends
Role of play

13. Milestones of Social Development
One-year-old
Two-year-old
Three-year-old
Plays alone but often near others
Dislikes sharing toys
Desires approval
Fears some strangers
Engages in parallel play
Plays simple games with others
Bosses other children
Says “please” if prompted
Takes part in brief group activities (cooperative play)
Takes turns
Likes to help
Shows affection

14. Socialization goals Respect self, others and things Use good manners
Take turns and sharing
Show patient and learn to wait
Use words rather than violence to resolve conflict
Cooperate with others

15. Imaginary Friends
Gives the child a person to talk with about negative feelings
Mirrors everything the child does --- examine own thoughts and feelings
Some parents feel their children use this friend because they cannot make friends
A parent should worry only if friend does not disappear by adolescence

16. Role of Play Types of play
Solitary play—babies play using their senses without engaging others
Parallel play—children play in close proximity without interacting
Cooperative play—children learn to play together, give-and-take, share, take turns
Imitative-imaginative play—children pretend to be objects/persons other than themselves

17. Types of development supported by play
Einstein: “Understanding physics is child’s play compared to understanding child’s play.
Thomas J. Watson, Sr.: “If you aren't playing well, the game isn't as much fun. When that happens I tell myself just to go out and play as I did when I was a kid.”
Physical
Language
Approaches to
learning
Cognitive
Emotional
Social
Moral
Heraclitus: “Man is most nearly himself when he achieves the seriousness of a child at play.”
Plato: “You can discover more about a person in an hour of play than in a year of conversation.”
Piaget: “Play is children’s work.”