1. ROARING 20s: IN REVIEW Small town feared the Big City…
- This is a time of growing urbanization, leading to fears of bad morals, changing lifestyles and new technology.
THINGS INVENTED IN THE 1920s
BAND-AIDS
INSULIN (invented by a Canadian)
TECHNICOLOR (invented, but not widely used)
TRAFFIC LIGHTS

2. ROARING 20s: IN REVIEW
THE KKK were Protestant, anti-white, anti-immigrant supremacists.
KKK SYMBOLS
CONFEDERATE FLAG
LOGO (blood drop symbolizes Jesus)

3. ROARING 20s: IN REVIEW
18th Amendment made alcohol illegal in the United States
LEADS TO THE RISE OF ILLEGAL ACTIVITIES

4. ROARING 20s: IN REVIEW
18th Amendment made alcohol illegal in the United States
LEADS TO THE RISE OF ILLEGAL ACTIVITIES SPEAKEASIES were illegal underground bars.

5. ROARING 20s: IN REVIEW
Al Capone ran a $60m booze and prostitution empire.

6. ROARING 20s: IN REVIEW
Women were given the right to vote in Canada and the United States
Famous Five’s “Persons Case” helped show that women were eligible to sit in Canadian Senate.
1929

7. ROARING 20s: IN REVIEW
Radio became important. In the United States, NBC and CBS were the two biggest networks.

8. ROARING 20s: IN REVIEW
OPTIMISM: Charles Lindberg flew across the Atlantic Ocean non-stop.
Wall Street became the financial capital of the United States.

9. ROARING 20s: IN REVIEW
OPTIMISM: saw a 70% increase in stock prices.

10. INDEPENDENT DEPENDENT Canada was more independent of Britain
Canada was more dependent on USA
Received a place in the League of Nations
King-Byng crisis (1925) was the last time a G-G has ever disobeyed the wishes of a PM.
Balfour Report said that dominions of Br. Empire were “equal in status” to Britain.
Statute of Westminster created the British Commonwealth. Canada had been granted autonomy – the right to self-rule.
Canada has its own rules about liquor – or lack thereof!
Canadian artists (Group of Seven, Emily Carr) begin exploring Canadian identity.
Big Three Auto companies run most of automobile manufacturing in Canada.
Canadians listen to American radio and music, follow American fashions.
Canadian liquor industry dependent on American crime.
Ku Klux Klan comes to Canada.

11. Despite the Roaring nature of society, the war had done a lot of damage. MAJOR PROBLEMS
Hoarding money
Agriculture Industry
Lower-class income
Tariffs & Trade
Stock Market Crash
= the economy HALTS

12. HOARDING MONEY
Hoarding and Saving are different.
First, let’s look at how SAVING WORKS

15. AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY
The agricultural industry had been used to producing LOTS and LOTS of product. However, after the war, they were left with all sorts of extra product and no market for it.

16. AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY
Europe was too poor to buy goods.
Soldiers didn’t need farmed goods anymore.

17. AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY
Many farm employees had died in the war.

18. AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY
Urbanization created new problems.
Granville St. in Vancouver, 1920

19. AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY
In the US, farm income declined 60%; 1/3 lost land

20. LOWER-CLASS INCOME
“Wage Gap” grows – for example, Henry Ford’s personal income was $14 million in a year when most people earned $750!

21. LOWER-CLASS INCOME
Most provinces did not have a minimum wage
(except BC, in 1925)
Many people lived close to the poverty line.
Union movements of the 1920s had been “shut down” by big businessmen and governments.
A drought in the Prairies made life hard for farmers in both Canada and the US, creating the “Dust Bowl”.

22. TARIFFS & TRADE
America’s Hawley-Smoot Tariff
Highest protective tariff made it hard for Cdns to sell goods
Farmers couldn’t pay off their loans

23. TARIFFS & TRADE
Why did they do it? War Debt
Allies owed large sums—too large to be paid by their internal reserves
Allies demanded reparations from Germany and Austria-Hungary to pay off their own debt
Germany and Austria-Hungary in too much economic trouble
Allies pressured rich US to reduce debts—US banks began loans to financially liable countries thus progressing the debt
American economy weakened with the Crash of 1929 and Allied Countries could no longer borrow money from the US… decline in need for American goods.

24. Canadian exports shrank by 50% from 1929 to 1933
Regions and communities hit hardest were those dependent on primary industries such as farming, mining and logging, because commodity prices plummeted around the globe.
This meant that even more flooded to the cities to look for work.

25. STOCK MARKET CRASH
Speculation on the stock markets drove share prices to inflated levels, and the bubble burst when stock markets collapsed in the autumn of Consumer spending dropped, even though prices had been falling.
MEANWHILE:
Lower-class people were living beyond means
Buying on credit = large consumer debt
Faced with the inability to pay debt, consumers cut back on spending
Big Business’s Increase in Production
Saw increase of consumer interest and used profits to expand
Expanded capital facilities and saw flourishing economy
Wages increased at lower rate than productivity
Factories were producing more than consumers could purchase