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A Return to Normalcy 1920 Warren G. Harding elected

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Presentation on theme: "A Return to Normalcy 1920 Warren G. Harding elected"— Presentation transcript:

1 UNIT 8: The 1920s – otherwise known as ‘The Jazz Age’ and ‘The Roaring 20s’

2 A Return to Normalcy 1920 Warren G. Harding elected
Isolationism policy re-emerges Washington Naval Conference- proposes disarmament Kellogg-Briand Treaty Outlaws War Raise Tariffs Nativism returns- National Origins Act quota system established Discriminatory

3 The Red Scare Russian Revolution sparks U.S fears Lenin and Communists
Worldwide revolution- Marx U.S. Communist Party formed IWW Palmer Raids- Mitchell Palmer J. Edgar Hoover Hunt down “suspected” revolutionaries Civil liberties ignored Sacco and Vanzetti- anarchist immigrants accused of murder- convicted and executed KKK grows in numbers

4 Harding and Coolidge Labor Unrest Prosperity returns
Conditions still poor Strikes outlawed during WWI Boston Police Strike U.S. Steel Strike Coal Miners Strike- John L. Lewis Unions weaken Prosperity returns Appoints Hebert Hoover and Ohio Gang Teapot Dome Scandal- Harding cabinet members lease oil rich lands to private companies for cheap- bribed Harding dies in office Replaced by Calvin Coolidge Coolidge is pro business and laissez Faire “Keep it cool with Cal” “The Business of America is Business”

5 Roaring 20’s Rural communities= strict values/ religion
Migration to urban areas change values Less controlled City life changes people Automobile allows people to travel to cities and vacation Henry Ford- Assembly Line Production Workers are consumers $5 day plan People buy on the Installment plan Increase in competition Urban Sprawl Electricity lights the city Radio/advertising/ productivity all grow

6 Women and the 20’s Old role of women?
Flappers emerge- young women of modern times New hair, dress, attitudes, behavior Sexual double standard? Conservative views?- Remember Cult of Domesticity Margaret Sanger- advocates birth control= less kids

7 Prohibition Alcohol banned- 18th amendment Resentment in the new law
Govt. never truly enforces law Speakeasies- drinking clubs Bootleggers Leads to the growth of organized crime/ Mob Al Capone

8 St. Valentine’s Day Massacre

9 Science vs. Religion Fundamentalism- religious movement focusing on the truth of the bible Billy Sunday and Aimee Semple McPherson Darwin’s Theory of Evolution Scopes Monkey Trial- John Scopes arrested for teaching evolution Clarence Darrow- lawyer for ACLU William Jennings Bryan defends Bible

10 20’s Culture Radio- Media Coverage Music
George Gershwin- “Rhapsody in Blue” Georgia O’Keefe-artist Literature Sinclair Lewis-wrote on materialism F. Scott Fitzgerald- Wrote Gatsby Ernest Hemingway- wrote against war

11 Heroes More leisure time Babe Ruth The Great Bambino
Jack Dempsey-Boxing Charles Lindbergh- flew the Spirit of St. Louis across the Atlantic Ocean Amelia Earhart- 1st women to fly across Atlantic Motion Pictures Hollywood emerges Charlie Chaplin- silent film actor Clara Bow-flapper girl Talking flims-1927

12 African America Life Harlem Renaissance
New literary and artistic movement emerges Celebrated African American culture Langston Hughes- most famous writer and Poet Louis Armstrong- most famous Jazz Musician Others: Duke Ellington, Bessie Smith, Paul Robeson,

13 Black Nationalism Marcus Garvey Black separatist
Starts the Back to Africa Movement Forms the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) Jailed for mail fraud

14 The Great Depression hits
Hoover elected President in 1928 “predicts the end of poverty” Warning signs of Depression Buying stock on Speculation Buying on Margin Stock prices are inflated Oct 1929 prices fall Oct. 29,1929- Black Tuesday- Stock Market crashes

15 Causes of Depression Overproduction of goods too much credit
Less consumption of goods Farm surplus High tariffs No banking regulations Hawley-Smoot Tariff passed highest tariff in U.S. history

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