1. Cheryl Elhammoumi, MSN, RN, CCRN Barbara Kellam, PhD, RN, BFA.
Cheryl Elhammoumi
College of Nursing
East Carolina University
Greenville, North Carolina
Art Images in Holistic Nursing Education
Cheryl Elhammoumi, MSN, RN, CCRN
Barbara Kellam, PhD, RN, BFA
Literature Selection
Purpose
The purpose is to explore how art has been used in baccalaureate nursing education. Can nursing students connect art observations to clinical practice?
Review of Literature
Innovative teaching, art as pedagogical tool
Bridge connecting student to student, student to teacher
Vehicle bringing students to aesthetic knowing and influencing self-awareness
Scaffolding to aid deeper learning
Humanities courses
Modules within existing courses
Impact on clinical skills
Methods
Art based learning
Qualitative experiential learning
Semi experimental study
Visual arts program of problem solving and reflection
Quantitative controlled intervention study
Qualitative focus group
Scaffolding
Naturalistic inquiry
Ethnographic study
Results
Studies with statistically significant findings:
Pellico et al (2009) Improved recall and increased critical thinking (p < 0.05)
Wikstrom (2001) Improved motivation ( F = 10.55, p = );
Enhanced emotional investment (F = 35.54, p = )
Wikstrom (2003) Improved motivation over time (F = 8.3, p = 0.004)
Themes
Discussion
Themes identified in qualitative studies of BSN students who received complementary visual art experiences:
Interpersonal relations
Empathy
Spirituality as role enhancement
Boundaries/Horizons within self, profession
Creativity
It is no longer acceptable to teach a mechanistic view of human beings. A thorough pre-licensure program includes teaching critical thinking and empathic skills. Visual art has been successfully used to enhance both. Incorporating visual arts into pre-licensure curriculums may nurture holistic nursing practice.
Adapted from: Moher D. Liberti A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, The PRISMA Group (2009). Preferred Reporting Items for Sytematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement. Plos Med 6(6):e doi: /journal.pmed